广西部分地区猪芽囊原虫的分子流行病学调查和亚型鉴定  

Molecular epidemiological investigation and subtype identification of porcine Blastocystis in select areas of Guangxi

作　　者：褚梦洁 宋雅菲 卢惠红 刘洋 黄飞 王树艳 周东辉 CHU Meng-jie;SONG Ya-fei;LU Hui-hong;LIU Yang;HUANG Fei;WANG Shu-yan;ZHOU Dong-hui(College of Animal Sciences(College of Bee Science),Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture,Nanning 530009,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学动物科学学院(蜂学学院),福州350002 [2]广西农业职业技术大学,南宁530009

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2023年第7期645-649,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(No.2022J01131);广西自然科学基金项目(No.2019GXNSFBA185009);教育教学改革项目(No.712018270377)联合资助。

摘　　要：目的了解广西部分地区猪芽囊原虫的感染情况和人兽共患特征,以评估人兽共患传播风险。方法本研究采用芽囊原虫小亚基核糖体RNA(SSU rRNA)基因常规PCR检测技术对广西贺州、玉林、南宁、贵港、柳州5个地市猪场采集的894份猪粪便样品进行芽囊原虫流行病学调查。结果芽囊原虫总感染率为21.9%(196/894)。在本次调查的地区中,贵港市的感染率最高为37.3%(66/177)、其余依次为玉林市24.1%(35/145)、南宁市20.6%(44/214)、贺州市19.7%(37/188)、柳州市8.2%(14/170)。此外,在不同群体猪中芽囊原虫感染率由高到低依次为仔猪39.5%(96/243)、育肥猪23.1%(52/225)、种猪14.1%(29/205)、保育猪8.6%(19/221)。集约化感染率20.9%(121/580),散户猪群感染率23.9%(75/314)。统计学分析表明,芽囊原虫在不同地区,不同群体猪中感染率差异有统计学意义,在不同养殖方式中感染率差异无统计学意义。在所有阳性样品中共发现ST1、ST5两种人兽共患亚型分别占总阳性率的4.6%(9/196)和95.4%(187/196),表明广西地区猪芽囊原虫存在潜在的人兽共患风险。结论本研究首次对广西5地市猪场芽囊原虫感染情况进行了调查,初步评估了广西地区猪芽囊原虫存在的人兽共患风险,为公共卫生学、猪场生物安全防控提供相关的流行病学参考。Blastocystis is a common zoonotic unicellular parasite.To understand the infection status and zoonotic characteristics of Blastocystis in swine in select parts of Guangxi,we assessed the risk of zoonotic transmission.Conventional PCR detection of small subunit ribosomal RNA(SSUrRNA)of Blastocystis was performed to conduct an epidemiological investigation of 894 pig feces samples collected from pig farms in Hezhou,Yulin,Nanning,Guigang,and Liuzhou in Guangxi.The total Blastocystis infection rate was 21.9%(196/894).Among the areas surveyed,Guigang City had the highest infection rate,at 37.3%(66/177),and was followed by Yulin City,at 24.1%(35/145),Nanning City,at 20.6%(44/214),Hezhou City,at 19.7%(37/188),and Liuzhou City,at 8.2%(14/170).The infection rate of Blastocystis was 39.5%(96/243)in piglets,23.1%(52/225)in fattening pigs,14.1%(29/205)in breeding pigs,and 8.6%(19/221)in nursery pigs.The rate of intensive infection was 20.9%(121/580),and the bulk pig infection rate was 23.9%(75/314).Statistical analysis showed that the Blastocystis infection rate significantly differedamong regions and groups of pigs,but did not significantly differamong breeding methods.In all positive samples,two zoonotic subtypes,ST1 and ST5,accounted for 4.6%(9/196)and 95.4%(187/196)of the total positive rate,respectively,thus indicating potential zoonotic risk of Blastocystis in swine in Guangxi.This study performed the first investigation of Blastocystis infection in pig farms in five cities in Guangxi and preliminarily assessed the zoonotic risk of Blastocystis in swine in this region,thus providing a relevant epidemiological reference for public health,and biosafety prevention and control in pig farms.

关 键 词：芽囊原虫 猪 小亚基核糖体RNA ST1 ST5 

分 类 号：R382[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]