志贺毒素噬菌体研究进展  

Advances in Shiga toxin-converting phages

作　　者：杨茜 刘倩 白向宁[1] 熊衍文[1] YANG Xi;LIU Qian;BAI Xiang-ning;XIONG Yan-wen(State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2023年第7期704-709,共6页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.82072254)。

摘　　要：产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌(Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli,STEC)是一类重要的动物源性病原菌,其感染人体后可引起腹泻甚至致死性的溶血性尿毒综合症(hemolytic uremic syndrome,HUS)。志贺毒素(Shiga toxin,Stx)是STEC最重要的致病物质,由整合于宿主染色体特定位置的Stx前噬菌体(Stx-converting prophage)编码。在自发或理化因素诱导下,Stx前噬菌体进入裂解周期,噬菌体颗粒组装并在宿主菌裂解后释放,成为游离的Stx噬菌体(Stx phage)。Stx前噬菌体调控志贺毒素表达水平进而影响细菌毒力,而游离Stx噬菌体具有介导新的致病菌型或毒力增强的杂合型致病菌型产生的潜力。本文就Stx噬菌体的形态及基因组特征、诱导特性以及其作为可移动元件对菌株致病性的影响等方面的研究进展做一简要综述。Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli(STEC)is a zoonotic pathogen causing diseases such as diarrhea and life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome(HUS).Shiga toxin(Stx)is the key virulence factor encoded by prophages in STEC.These phages are integrated at specific sites of the bacterial chromosome as Stx-converting prophages during the lysogenic phase.Under spontaneous induction,and in the presence of chemical or physical stimuli,phages are released as free Stx phage particles during the lytic cycle.The expression of Stx is regulated by the Stx phages.As mobile genetic elements,Stx phages can mediate horizontal gene transfer(HGT)among bacteria.Thus,Stx phages play important roles in bacterial virulence and may contribute to new hybrid pathogenic strains with enhanced virulence.This review provides a brief overview of Stx phage morphology,genetic structure,induction properties,and effects as mobile elements on pathogenicity.

关 键 词：志贺毒素 志贺毒素噬菌体 Λ噬菌体 产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌 

分 类 号：R378.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]