陇东旱塬区小麦主要农艺性状与产量的相关性分析  

Correlation Analysis of Yield and Main Agronomic Traits of Wheat in Longdong Dryland Plateau Region

作　　者：刘众 郑琪 李杰[2] 刘愈之 丁志远 LIU Zhong;ZHENG Qi;LI Jie;LIU Yuzhi;DING Zhiyuan(Pingling Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Pingliang Gansu 744000,China;Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]平凉市农业科学院,甘肃平凉744000 [2]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨凌210095

出　　处：《寒旱农业科学》2023年第7期615-620,共6页Journal of Cold-Arid Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2022年陇原青年创新创业人才(团队)项目(2022LQTD06);甘肃平凉国家农业科技园区建设示范项目。

摘　　要：为研究甘肃省陇东旱塬区小麦产量构成及主要农艺性状对产量的影响,明确后续育种目标,选育出适合本地种植的优良高产品种。利用平凉市农业科学院旱地小麦育种示范园2010—2022年小麦参试品种的产量与主要农艺性状数据,采用统计分析、相关性分析和通径分析等方法分析其产量构成及主要农艺性状对产量的影响。结果表明,各性状变异系数从大到小依次为产量、有效穗数、春分蘖、千粒重、株高、穗粒数、全生育期;相关性分析结果表明,产量与有效穗数和株高达到显著正相关,与其他农艺性状相关性不显著,有效穗数与株高呈极显著正相关,与春分蘖到达显著正相关,其他性状间相关性不显著;偏相关分析结果表明,产量与各农艺性状之间和农艺性状之间的相关性均未达到显著相关水平;通径分析结果表明,产量三要素对产量的贡献大小依次为有效穗数(0.820)、穗粒数(0.521)、千粒重(0.406)。表明在甘肃陇东旱塬区,小麦的产量、有效穗数和春分蘖具有较大的变异系数,产量与有效穗数和株高具有显著的相关性,有效穗数与株高和春分蘖具有显著的相关性,有效穗数对产量的影响最大,其次为穗粒数和千粒重。To study the yield composition of wheat and the impact of main agronomic traits on wheat yield in Longdong dryland plateau region,to clarify subsequent breeding objectives and to select excellent high yielding varieties suitable for local planting,using the yield and main agronomic traits data of wheat varieties tested in the Dryland Demonstration Park of Pingliang Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2010 to 2022,the yield composition and the impact of main agronomic traits on yield were analyzed.Results showed that the average coefficients of variation of the agronomic traits and yield were ranked as yield>number of effective spikes>spring tillering>thousand grain weight>plant height>number of grains per spike>whole growth period.Through correlation analysis,the yield was significantly positively correlated with the number of effective spikes and plant height,but not with other agronomic traits.The number of effective spikes was highly significantly positively correlated with plant height,and was significantly positively correlated with spring tillering.The correlation among other traits was not significant.Through partial correlation analysis,the correlation between yield and various agronomic traits,as well as correlation among agronomic traits,were not significant.Through path analysis,the direct path coefficients of the three factors of yield were in the order as number of effective spikes(0.820)>number of grains per spike(0.521)>thousand grain weight(0.406).The results indicate that in Longdong dryland plateau region,the yield,number of effective spikes,and spring tillering of wheat show great coefficients of variation.The yield shows significant correlation with number of effective spikes and plant height.The number of effective spikes shows significant correlation with plant height and spring tillers.The number of effective spikes has the greatest influence on the yield,followed by the number of grains per spike and thousand grain weight.

关 键 词：陇东旱塬区 小麦 产量构成 农艺性状 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]