实验室湍流模拟装置在大气光学中的应用  

Application of Laboratory Turbulence Simulator in Atmospheric Optics

作　　者：饶瑞中[1] 袁仁民[2] Rao Ruizhong;Yuan Renmin(Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Optics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China;School of Earth and Space Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,安徽光学精密机械研究所,中国科学院大气光学重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [2]中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《光学学报》2023年第12期1-7,共7页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42075131)。

摘　　要：大气湍流的光学特性在大气科学和光电工程应用研究中有重要影响。鉴于实际大气条件的复杂多变和实验条件的限制,在实验室内建立可控的、有限尺度的人工湍流模拟装置作为大气湍流的替代者,已成为相关研究的重要技术途径,在自适应光学技术中的相位模拟、自由空间光通信等光电工程设计中发挥了重要作用。目前,对海洋湍流中的光传播与成像、新兴光电工程的大气影响、特殊结构光束的大气传播的研究也借助于湍流模拟装置。为了充分发挥实验室湍流模拟装置的优势,本文深入分析了实验室人工湍流模拟装置的性能及其局限性。实验室内产生的人工湍流无疑可以用于探索一种随机介质对光传播影响的定性甚至半定量规律。但必须注意到:有限空间内产生的湍流只有在远离边界的较小空间内才具备均匀各向同性的特性,采用各向同性湍流统计理论分析湍流模拟装置中的全路径光传播效应是不严谨的。如果以此类装置研究光传播的定量规律,必须首先根据光电应用场景设计具有光学相似性的模拟装置,然后清楚了解湍流装置内的湍流特性的空间结构,并据此开展理论分析。Significance Optical properties of atmospheric turbulence play an important role in atmospheric sciences,astronomy,and applications of optical engineering,such as adaptive optics,imaging,remote sensing,and optical communication in free space.Real atmospheric turbulence presents great spatial and temporal complexity.Practical light propagation experiments in a real atmosphere usually cost much and encounter many difficulties.Although these kinds of experiments have been carried out,it is usually difficult to obtain favorable results because of the nonhomogenous and uncontrollable atmospheric conditions.Thus,some controllable and sizelimited atmospheric turbulence simulators in the laboratory have been built for light propagation effect study in scientific research and engineering applications.A typical laboratory turbulence simulator is a tank or chamber of meter size filled with a turbulent medium under a heating mechanism.The turbulent medium is usually water or air.An unstable vertical temperature gradient is produced to simulate turbulence.Some instruments for status monitoring are used to measure the temperature,velocity,and turbulence strength.Adjusting the gradient can change the turbulence strength.These artificial turbulence simulators have been proven to be useful facilities.Much work has been done on these turbulence simulators.For example,the relationship between the phase compensation efficiency of an adaptive optics system and the Fried parameter r0 of simulated turbulence was obtained through experiments with such laboratory turbulence simulators.Some light propagation effects were investigated.However,there were few laws for light propagation effects based on the results of experiments on such simulators.Progress With the development of light propagation and imaging in marine media,new optical engineering in earth environments,and special optical beam propagation in the atmosphere,artificial turbulence simulators are employed more widely.The experiments carried out in the simulated turbulent media

关 键 词：大气光学 大气湍流 湍流模拟装置 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程] P183.4[理学—光学] O436.2[理学—物理] O357.5[天文地球—天文学]