基于SPAD阵列探测的空中运动目标识别方法  

Recognition Method of Moving Targets in the Air Based on SPAD Array Detection

作　　者：潘庆愉 王超[1] 王大鹏 朱义君[1] Pan Qingyu;Wang Chao;Wang Dapeng;Zhu Yijun(Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,Chin)

机构地区：[1]战略支援部队信息工程大学,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《光学学报》2023年第12期127-135,共9页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61901524)。

摘　　要：采用单光子雪崩二极管(SPAD)组成的接收阵列,可有效提升接收端的灵敏度,这对于远距离探测成像具有重要应用价值。因成像时间受限,SPAD阵列对于空中移动目标探测的成像结果存在分辨率低、特征信息少、背景干扰噪声多等问题。针对阵列弱成像条件下的目标快速识别问题,通过分析不同空中移动目标的结构运动与位移之间的角度变化特点,提出一种基于SPAD阵列探测的空中运动目标识别方法。该方法有效解决了跟踪探测实时性要求与目标识别准确性之间的矛盾,可以在没有先验信息的条件下完成跟踪和识别任务。为进一步说明基于光流特征的分析方法的优势,以旋翼型无人机、固定翼型无人机以及飞鸟等大小、形状类似的低空飞行目标为例,通过对不同的光流角度分布进行统计分析,在近似离散点的成像条件下实现了以上3类目标的有效识别分类。Objectives The receiving array composed of singlephoton avalanche diodes(SPADs)can effectively improve the sensitivity of the receiving end,which has important application value in the field of remote detection and imaging.For moving targets in the air,it is difficult to obtain stable target echoes due to the limited singlepixel acquisition time.In particular,in longdistance conditions,the laser energy attenuates significantly in the channel transmission process,which makes the number of echoes detected by the SPAD array in imaging lessen.As the detector does not fully accumulate the echoes,the difficulty of target recognition rises due to the lack of target image features in its imaging results.For the accurate detection of such targets,target recognition methods are required to make full use of limited echo information.Through the method of image reconstruction,the image quality can be optimized to a certain extent,so as to improve the system's ability to recognize the measured target.However,image reconstruction requires a long processing time,which is difficult to meet the realtime requirements of moving target monitoring.For timely and effective identification of moving targets in the air,the detection system should have the ability to quickly process image information.Methods Under the condition of array imaging with low resolution,few features,and serious noise interference,traditional image processing methods and contour processing methods can hardly ensure timeliness and accuracy due to a large amount of data and great time consumption.When the weak imaging result of the SPAD array is directly used for target recognition,it does not require highquality reconstruction of the target shape and texture.Hence,it can effectively reduce the data requirements of image reconstruction and the complexity of algorithms and is of great significance for realizing realtime monitoring of longdistance moving targets in the air.For a common lowaltitude aircraft,its deformation rate is far lower than its displacement chang

关 键 词：测量 SPAD阵列 聚类 光流特征 识别 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]