定向钻井电控式扭矩离合控制工具研制与应用  

Research and Application of Electrically Controlled Torque Clutch Control Tool for Directional Drilling

作　　者：徐涛[1] 效世杰 白冬青 石林 焦杨 刘平全 吕楠 XU Tao;XIAO Shijie;BAI Dongqing;SHI Lin;JIAO Yang;LIU Pingquan;LV Nan(Engineering Technology Research Institute,CNPC Great Wall Drilling Company,Panjin,Liaoning 124010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油长城钻探工程有限公司工程技术研究院

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2023年第3期43-48,共6页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：中国石油长城钻探工程有限公司十四五重点科研项目“钻完井新工具、新工艺攻关与试验”[编号:GWDC202101-06(01)]。

摘　　要：旋转导向工具由于尺寸大,在钻井过程中井壁不稳定时容易发生卡钻、埋钻等复杂故障,处理难度大,现场应用受到一定限制。针对这种情况,文章研究了一种适用于定向钻进过程中的电控式扭矩离合控制工具。该工具在定向过程中可以将下部钻具与上部钻具的扭矩进行分离,实现上部钻具随钻盘低转速旋转送钻,下部钻具与螺杆工具配合滑动定向钻进。该工具由两部分组成:地面信号下传单元和井下信号接收及离合控制单元。井下信号接收及离合控制单元安放在近钻头位置,地面信号下传单元通过钻井液将信号传递到井下,离合控制单元接收指令后,用电液控制方式执行钻柱扭矩分离与结合动作。该工具使用的关键点是安放位置和反扭矩的控制,通过对下部钻具摩阻扭矩的分析,运用Landmark软件计算工具安放位置,抗反扭矩工具可抵抗并吸收螺杆钻具的反扭矩。现场应用表明,该系统可有效缓解托压,降摩减阻,稳定工具面,提高钻压传递效率,较大幅度提高机械钻速,实现低成本代替旋转导向工具,具有广阔应用前景。At present,due to the large size of the rotary steerable tool,complex situations such as drill sticking are prone to occur,and its field application is limited to a certain extent.This paper innovatively proposes an electronically controlled torque clutch control tool suitable for directional drilling,which separates the torque of the lower drilling tool from the upper drilling tool during directional operation,and realizes that the upper drill tool rotates with the low speed of the rotatory table to bit feed,and the bottom drill tool and the screw are combined with sliding directional drilling.The control system consists of two parts:surface signal transmission unit,downhole signal receiving and clutch control unit,which is placed near the drill bit.The surface unit transmits the signal to the well through the drilling fluid,when the downhole unit receives the command,the electro-hydraulic control method is used to perform the torque separation and combination actions of the drill string.The key point of this technology is the control of tool placement position and reaction torque.Through the three-dimensional analysis of the frictional torque of the lower drilling tool,the tool placement position is calculated by Landmark software,and the anti-torsion joint is connected to resist and absorb the reaction torque of the screw drilling tool.Field application shows that this technology can relieve back pressure,reduce friction and drag,improve bit pressure transmission efficiency,stabilize tool face,greatly increase ROP,realize the low-cost replacement of rotary steering tool,and has broad application prospects.

关 键 词：定向钻进 近全程旋转控制 电控式 离合控制单元 缓解托压 降摩减阻 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]