超声辅助提取柚皮精油工艺优化及GC-MS成分对比分析  

Optimization of Process of Pomelo Peel Essential Oil by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Comparative Analysis of Components by GC-MS

作　　者：李黎[1] 孙晶[2] 石艳宾[1] 周茂然 应小川 姜子涛 LI Li;SUN Jing;SHI Yan-bin;ZHOU Mao-ran;YING Xiao-chuan;JIANG Zi-tao(Tianjin Tianshi College,Tianjin 301700,China;Academic Affairs Office,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;Tianjin Yunni Technology Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300450,China)

机构地区：[1]天津天狮学院,天津301700 [2]贵州师范大学教务处,贵阳550025 [3]天津市韵尼科技有限公司,天津300450

出　　处：《中国调味品》2023年第8期180-184,192,共6页China Condiment

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(22YDTPJC01000)。

摘　　要：以柚皮为原料,采用响应面分析法辅助水蒸气蒸馏法优化提取柚皮精油。考察提取工艺中超声时间、蒸馏时间和料液比对精油提取率的影响,在单因素试验的基础上,以柚皮精油提取率为响应值,通过响应面法对柚皮提取工艺条件进行优化,并利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对水蒸气蒸馏法提取的柚皮精油进行化学成分分析。结果表明,最佳的提取工艺条件为超声时间58.5 min、蒸馏时间2 h、料液比1∶18(g/mL)。此条件下柚皮精油的提取率为1.4743%,与理论值1.48218%相差0.00788%,表明试验测得提取率与模型理论值之间拟合良好。采用GC-MS对柚皮精油成分进行分析,共检出20种挥发性成分,其中D-柠檬烯、β-月桂烯、棕榈酸、α-松油醇、芳樟醇等占总成分的80.407%,说明水蒸气蒸馏可有效地纯化柚皮精油,为柚皮精油在食品及调味品中的应用提供了宝贵的数据参考。With pomelo peel as the raw material,response surface analysis method assisted steam distillation method is used to optimize the extraction of pomelo peel essential oil.The effects of ultrasonic time,distillation time and solid-liquid ratio on the extraction rate of essential oil in the extraction process is investigated.Based on the single factor test,with the extraction rate of pomelo peel essential oil as the response value,the extraction process conditions of pomelo peel are optimized by response surface methodology,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)is used to analyze the chemical components of pomelo peel essential oil extracted by steam distillation method.The results show that the optimal extraction process conditions are the ultrasonic time of 58.5 min,the distillation time of 2 h,and the ratio of solid to liquid of 1∶18(g/mL),the extraction rate of pomelo peel essential oil under these conditions is 1.4743%,which is 0.00788%lower than the theoretical value of 1.48218%,indicating that the extraction rate measured in the test fits well with the theoretical value of the model.GC-MS is used to analyze the components of pomelo peel essential oil,and a total of 20 volatile components are detected,among which,D-limonene,β-myrcene,palmitic acid,α-terpinol,linalool,etc.account for 80.407%of the total components,which shows that steam distillation can effectively purify pomelo peel essential oil,has provided valuable data reference for the application of pomelo peel essential oil in food and condiment.

关 键 词：柚皮精油 提取 成分分析 响应面分析法 气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS) 

分 类 号：TS224.4[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]