2021年辽宁省鼠类种群密度与季节消长调查  

Rodent population density and seasonal fluctuation in Liaoning Province in 2021

作　　者：张家勇[1] 王纯玉[1] 白玉银[1] 李志[1] 张稷博[1] 张倩[1] 丁俊[1] ZHANG Jia-yong;WANG Chun-yu;BAI Yu-yin;LI Zhi;ZHANG Ji-bo;ZHANG Qian;DING Jun(Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang,Liaoning 110005,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心,辽宁沈阳110005

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2023年第2期145-148,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的了解辽宁省鼠类种群构成、密度、季节消长情况,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用夹夜法进行鼠密度监测。结果2021年辽宁省共布放鼠夹有效夹74294夹次,共捕获鼠类549只,全省鼠密度为0.74%,农村鼠密度(1.01%)大于城市鼠密度(0.45%)。褐家鼠为优势鼠种,其构成比为65.94%,其次为黑线姬鼠(18.76%)和小家鼠(14.57%)。总体鼠密度和城市鼠密度季节消长呈单峰型曲线,密度高峰分布在9月(0.92%)和7月(0.66%),而农村鼠密度在9月(1.21%)达到全年最高。不同生境季节消长中居民区呈单峰型曲线,而重点行业呈双峰曲线。重要鼠种鼠密度季节消长曲线均呈单峰型曲线。结论应根据不同的鼠种、生境和密度高峰有针对性地开展防治工作,以期达到有效控制鼠传疾病的目的。Objective To understand the population composition,density and seasonal fluctuation of rodents in Liaoning Province,so as to provide scientific basis for control work.Methods Night trapping method was adopted for the investigation.Results Totally 74294 effective rat traps were placed,and 549 rodents were captured in Liaoning Province in 2021.The rodent density was 0.74%in Liaoning Province.The density of rodents was higher in villages(1.01%)than in cities(0.45%).Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species in Liaoning Province,with a composition ratio of 65.94%,followed by Apodemus agrarius(18.76%)and Mus musculus(14.57%).Seasonal fluctuations of rodent density in total and cities followed a unimodal curve,with the peaks respectively in September(0.92%)and July(0.66%),while the rodent density in villages reached the highest in September.In different habitats,the seasonal fluctuation showed a unimodal curve in residential areas,but a bimodal in key industries.The seasonal fluctuation of main species showed a unimodal curve.Conclusion Prevention and control should be carried out according to different rodent species,habitats and density peaks,so as to achieve the goal of effective control of rodent borne diseases.

关 键 词：鼠类 密度 季节消长 监测 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]