不同砧木红江橙容器栽培生长和果实品质分析  

Analysis on Growth,Physiology and Fruit Quality of‘Hongjiang’Orange Grafted with Different Rootstocks Under Container Culture

作　　者：陈敏 吴天利[2] 吕远达[2,3] 姜波 闫化学[3] 李娟 钟云[2] CHEN Min;WU Tianli;LüYuanda;JIANG Bo;YAN Huaxue;LI Juan;ZHONG Yun(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research,Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院园艺园林学院,广州510225 [2]广东省农业科学院果树研究所,广州510640 [3]农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室,广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《园艺学报》2023年第7期1547-1562,共16页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：广东省重点研发计划项目(2022B0202070002);2021年广东省科技专项(210907114532092);广东省柑橘杧果产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2022KJ108);国家自然科学基金项目(32002016,32072535)。

摘　　要：从生长、生理和果实品质等多角度评价资阳香橙(Citrus junons Sieb.ex Tanaka)、卡里佐枳橙(C.sinensis×Poncirus trifoliata)、枳[P.trifoliata(L.)Raf.]和飞龙枳(P.trifoliata var.monstrosa)对红江橙的影响,为筛选网室容器栽培柑橘优良砧木提供依据。试验结果表明,资阳香橙砧的嫁接成活率、根系发育、单叶质量和单果质量均显著高于其他砧木的,嫁接口愈合完全,但果实品质略差;卡里佐枳橙砧的树势最强,枝皮率极低,初果期果实品质优,表现为果面光滑、沟纹少,果肉可溶性固形物、总糖显著高于其他砧木的,固酸比、总黄酮及氨基酸含量均显著高于资阳香橙砧的;飞龙枳和枳砧的嫁接成活率低,树势弱,嫁接口愈合不完全,根系发育缓慢。故容器栽培卡里佐枳橙砧与红江橙组合综合表现最佳。相关性分析表明,嫁接成活率、树势与嫁接口的生长素/脱落酸(IAA/ABA)、赤霉素/脱落酸(GA_(3)/ABA)、生长素/细胞分裂素(IAA/ZR)呈正相关;穗砧茎粗比与嫁接口处ZR、ABA及ZR/ABA呈显著负相关;树势与接穗枝皮率、叶片ABA水平、IAA/GA_(3)呈显著负相关,与叶片含水量、氮、钾、锌元素显著负相关,但与叶片ZR/ABA显著正相关;根系生长量与ZR、BR、ABA呈负相关,与IAA/ZR、IAA/GA_(3)呈正相关。以上结果说明,激素互作在不同砧穗组合的嫁接亲和性、树势和根系发育等方面发挥着重要作用。This study evaluated the effects of four rootstocks,Ziyang Xiangcheng(Citrus junons Sieb.ex.Tanaka),Carrizo citrange(C.sinensis×Poncirus trifoliata),Trifoliate orange[P.trifoliata(L.)Raf.]and Flying Dragon(P.trifoliata var.monstrosa)on growth performance,physiology and fruit quality characteristics of‘Hongjiang’orange[C.sinensis(L.)Osbeck]scion cultivar.Their correlation and difference were analyzed to provide a reference for screening excellent rootstock of citrus cultivated in the insect-proof net and container.The experimental results showed that the grafting survival rate,root development,single-leaf weight and single fruit weight of Ziyang Xiangcheng rootstock were significantly higher than other rootstocks.The grafting interface healed completely in Ziyang Xiangcheng rootstock;however,the fruit quality was inferior compared with other rootstocks.‘Hongjiang’orange plants grafted with Carrizo citrange rootstock had the strongest growth vigor,with extremely low bark(phloem)in the stem.Moreover,the fruit quality of Carrizo citrange rootstock was also excellent,with a smooth peel and fewer grooves.It has significantly more soluble solids and total sugars in the flesh than other rootstocks;in contrast,soluble solids/acidity ratio,total flavonoids and amino acid content were substantially higher than Ziyang Xiangcheng rootstock.Flying Dragon and Trifoliate orange rootstocks had lower graft survival rates,incomplete graft healing,slow root development,and weak growth vigour than more vigorous rootstocks.Therefore,the combination of‘Hongjiang’orange grafted on Carrizo citrange rootstock performed good horticultural performance under container culture.Pearson correlation analysis showed that graft survival and tree vigour were positively correlated with IAA/ABA,GA_(3)/ABA and IAA/ZR at the grafting union;scion to stock trunk diameter ratio was negatively correlated with ZR,ABA and ZR/ABA in grafting union.Tree vigour was significantly negatively correlated with proportions of scion bark,leaf ABA level,IA

关 键 词：柑橘 砧木 容器栽培 激素 嫁接亲和性 树势 根系发育 果实品质 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]