液体和固体中的空间自相位调制  

Spatial self-phase modulation in liquids and solids

作　　者：施婷婷 钱轩[1,2] 王开友 姬扬[1,2] SHI Ting-Ting;QIAN Xuan;WANG Kai-You;JI Yang(State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures,Institute of Semiconductors,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100083,China;College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院半导体研究所,半导体超晶格国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2023年第8期24-40,共17页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2022YFA1405100);国家自然科学基金(编号:12174378,12274406)资助项目。

摘　　要：本文简要介绍了非线性光学的起源与发展,重点关注非线性折射中的空间自相位调制.强激光照射非线性介质时,在远场可以观察到明显的明暗相间的条纹,称为相干环.本文从液体(以水为例)、液晶、低维材料悬浊液依次展开,阐述了不同物质形成相干环的机制.对于大部分液体,形成相干环的主要原因是热透镜效应.由于激光光强呈高斯分布,不同位置的液体被不同程度地加热,因此局部液体的折射率不再相同,从而产生了光程差(热透镜效应).相干环中蕴含了材料丰富的物理特性,但同时热效应会影响光学仪器的性能.深入了解空间自相位调制机制将有助于更好地利用或消除热透镜效应.Here we review the spatial self-phase modulation in nonlinear refraction,with a brief introduction of the origin and development of nonlinear optics.With a powerful laser irradiating a nonlinear medium,we can observe bright and dark fringes,namely interference rings,in the far field.In this paper we analyzed the formation mechanisms of interference rings from liquid(water as an example),liquid crystal and low dimensional material suspension.For most liquids,the main reason for the formation of the interference rings is the optical path difference caused by the temperature distribution in the liquid.Because the laser light intensity has a Gaussian distribution,the liquid at different positions is heated differently,so the refractive index of local liquid is no longer the same,resulting in optical path difference(thermal lens effect).The interference rings contain abundant information about the physical properties of materials,while the thermal effect also affects the performance of optical instruments.A thorough understanding of spatial selfphase modulation will help us use or eliminate the thermal lens effect.

关 键 词：非线性光学 空间自相位调制 热透镜效应 

分 类 号：O437[机械工程—光学工程]