固相分子自组装及其材料  

Solid phase molecular self-assembly and its materials

作　　者：郭佳晨 黄建滨[1] 阎云[1] Jiachen Guo;Jianbin Huang;Yun Yan(Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS),College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学化学与分子工程学院,北京分子科学国家实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2023年第7期1077-1087,共11页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:22172004,21972003)资助项目。

摘　　要：分子自组装通常在溶液中发生,形成微纳尺度的分散结构,在纳米医药等领域发挥着重要作用.但基于溶液相分子自组装一般无法形成连续的自支撑材料,使得分子自组装原理无法在更广阔的材料领域发挥理论优势.最近,本课题组在国际上首先提出了分子在固相中自组装的研究思想,并利用沉淀中微纳尺度的聚集体颗粒具有自发融合以降低体系界面能的趋势,实现了分子在固相中的自组装,实现了连续自支撑的分子自组装薄膜的宏量制备,使分子的有序排列方式与宏观材料的性能控制紧密相连.本文总结了本课题组近年来的工作,主要介绍了固相分子自组装的原理、方法及固相分子自组装薄膜材料特有的优异结构性能,包括自修复、抗疲劳、湿度响应的张力、吸油、圆偏振发光、室温磷光、白光荧光等,并展望了固相分子自组装未来的发展空间.Molecular self-assembly usually occurs in solution,which forms nano-or micro-scaled meso structures finding important applications in fields like nano medicine.This solution-based molecular self-assembly usually cannot form self-supporting continuous materials,which limits their role in a broader world.In recent years,we established molecular self-assembly in solid phase formed with the precipitates of self-assembling molecules.Owing to the spontaneous fusion of nano-sized amphiphilic domain in the precipitates to reduce interface energy,self-supporting supramolecular film can be obtained in large-scale,which makes it possible to manipulate the property of the selfassembled materials by controlling molecular packing.We summarize the progress in solid phase molecular selfassembly by our group in this review:the principle and experimental method of solid phase molecular self-assembly,as well as the intrinsic advantages of the resultant materials.Examples like self-assembling ability,anti-fatigue,humidity responsive tension,oil absorbing,circularly polarized luminescence,room-temperature phosphorescence,and white fluorescence are introduced.We anticipate solid phase molecular self-assembly would be a new bud in the crossing field of colloid science and molecular self-assembly,which can probably offer new opportunities for the molecular selfassembled materials.

关 键 词：固相分子自组装 宏观连续材料 超分子薄膜 两亲分子 沉淀 压力 

分 类 号：O641.3[理学—物理化学]