表面活性剂驱油机理研究新进展:胶束增溶和原位乳化  

New advances in surfactant EOR mechanism:micellar solubilization and in-situ emulsification

作　　者：赵学之 廖广志 刘卫东[3] 彭宝亮[3] 栾和鑫 陈权生 苏鑫[1] 冯玉军[1] Xuezhi Zhao;Guangzhi Liao;Weidong Liu;Baoliang Peng;Huoxin Luan;Quansheng Chen;Xin Su;Yujun Feng(Polymer Research Institute,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Petro China Gas&New Energies Group,Beijing 100007,China;Petro China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;Research Institute of Experiment and Detection,Xinjiang Oilfield Branch Company,PetroChina,Karamay 834000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学高分子研究所,高分子材料工程国家重点实验室,成都610065 [2]中国石油油气和新能源分公司,北京100007 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [4]中国石油新疆油田分公司实验检测研究院,克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2023年第7期1088-1103,共16页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:U1762218,22008263)资助项目。

摘　　要：降低油/水界面张力被认为是表面活性剂提高原油采收率的主要机理,但部分现场试验表明,低浓度表面活性剂驱在未达到超低界面张力的情况下也可以提高采收率,多孔介质中表面活性剂溶液与原油逐步接触后的演化过程尚无研究.针对这些问题,我们从微米和纳米尺度上深入剖析了表面活性剂驱油机理,提出了“胶束增溶,乳化携油”的新认识.通过吸光度测试、小角度中子散射和透射电子显微镜等方法评价了表面活性剂溶液与油的相互作用,发现表面活性剂胶束可通过增溶部分原油的方式提高采收率;利用微流控技术研究了表面活性剂驱油过程中的乳化过程,发现原位乳化主要通过封堵大孔道和乳化携油提高采收率.相关研究结果有助于深入理解表面活性剂溶液与原油间的相互作用,为生产实践中的配方优化提供理论依据.Reducing the oil-water interfacial tension(IFT) to ultra-low is believed the primary mechanism for the surfactant-based enhanced oil recovery(EOR) process.Field trials,however,have demonstrated that low-concentration surfactant flooding can also improve oil recovery without ultra-low IFT,and the evolution of surfactant solution after contact with crude oil in porous media has not been explored.In the preliminary work,our team conducted extensive research at the micro-and nano-scale,and proposed new mechanisms of “micellar solubilization and emulsification carrying”.The solubilization capacity of micelle to oil was evaluated through light absorbance strategy,small-angle neutron scattering and transmission electron microscopy.The results indicate that micelle solubilization plays an important role in surfactant EOR.Microfluidics was used to view in-situ emulsification during surfactant flooding.The results show that in-situ emulsification improves oil recovery mainly through blocking and entrainment effects.Results from those works aid in understanding the interaction between surfactant solution and oil at low surfactant concentration,which is helpful for designing a surfactant-based displacing system for the EOR process.

关 键 词：表面活性剂 三次采油 胶束增溶 原位乳化 

分 类 号：TE357.46[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]