基于标本信息探究京津冀药用植物花期对气温变化的响应  

Response of Flowering Period of Medicinal Plants to Air Temperature Variation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Based on Specimen Information

作　　者：冀弈儒 张建云 郝伟明 王雨璇 田茜 谷仙 Ji Yiru;Zhang Jianyun;Hao Weiming;Wang Yuxuan;Tian Qian;Gu Xian(College of Pharmacy,Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Shijiazhuang 050200,China;Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050200,China)

机构地区：[1]河北中医学院药学院,河北石家庄050200 [2]河北省中药炮制技术创新中心,河北石家庄050200

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第7期66-72,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(H2022423004);河北省中医药管理局科研计划项目(2022098);河北中医学院博士科研基金项目(BSZ2021019);河北中医学院大学生创新创业项目(202114432144);河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目“中药材采收与加工岗”(HBCT2018060205)。

摘　　要：气候变化直接影响药用植物的物候和采收期,然而,同一气候区内不同入药部位植物的花期研究较为薄弱。本研究利用1900—2020年采集的京津冀地区24种道地药用植物的标本信息,统计其花期并计算相对采集时间指数(RCTI),分析RCTI对年份、年平均气温等的响应趋势。结果表明,54%的药用植物花期随着年份的增加而提前,紫菀、北苍术和黄芪等的RCTI与年份呈显著或极显著负相关;11种药用植物花期表现出延后趋势,其中丹参、黄精、酸枣和忍冬的RCTI与年份呈极显著正相关。根类药材中,北柴胡的RCTI与春季、夏季、秋季和当年的气温呈极显著负相关;果实和种子类药材中,连翘RCTI与秋季气温呈极显著负相关,酸枣RCTI与春季、夏季、秋季和当年平均气温呈正相关,但均未达到显著水平。综合来看,气候变暖背景下京津冀地区大多数道地药用植物花期不同程度提前,且受春季气温的影响最为明显,而秋季气温升高则显著推迟了部分药用植物花期。Climate change directly affects the phenology and harvest time of medicinal plants.However,the study on flowering time of plants with different medicinal parts in the same climate zone is relatively weak.In this study,using the specimen information of 24 species of native medicinal plants collected from Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei during 1900-2020,we recorded their flowering period and counted the relative collecting time index(RCTI),and analyzed the trends of RCTI in response to year and average annual air temperature.The results showed that 54%of the studied medicinal plants showed earlier flowering with the increase of year.The RCTI of plants such as Atractylodes chinensis,Astragalus membranaceus and Aster tataricus showed highly significantly negative correlation with year.Eleven medicinal plants showed delayed flowering trends,among which,Salvia miltiorrhiza,Polygonatum sibiricum,Ziziphus jujuba and Lonicera japonica showed sighificantly or highly significantly positive correlation between RCTI and year.Among the root herbs,the RCTI of Bupleu-rum chinense was highly significantly negatively correlated with spring,summer,autumn and annual tempera-tures.Among the fruit and seed herbs,the RCTI of Forsythia suspensa showed highly significantly negative cor-relation with autumn temperature,while that of Ziziphus jujuba was positively correlated with spring,summer,autumn and annual average temperatures but not significantly.In summary,the flowering period of most native medicinal plants in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region became earlier at different degrees under the background of climate warming,and was influenced the most by spring temperature;the increase of autumn temperature significantly delayed the flowering period of some medicinal plants.

关 键 词：道地药材 标本信息 花期 物候 气候变化 

分 类 号：S759.82[农业科学—森林经理学]