四种非营养性饲料添加剂对澳洲淡水龙虾消化酶活力、免疫功能及离体消化率的影响  

Effects of four non-nutritive feed additives on digestive enzyme activity,immune function and in vitro digestibility of Australian freshwater lobster(Cherax quadricarinatus)

作　　者：宋雪飞 周庆[1] 张迎颖[1] 张志勇[1] 王岩[1] 恽台红 SONG Xuefei;ZHOU Qing;ZHANG Yingying;ZHANG Zhiyong;WANG Yan;YUN Taihong(Liuhe Observation and Experimental Station of National Agricultural Environment,Key Laboratory of Agro-environment in Downstream Yangtze Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Agricultural Machinery Station of Qianhuang Town,Wujin District,Changzhou 213172,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,国家农业科学农业环境六合观测实验站,农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [2]常州市武进区前黄镇农技农机站,江苏常州213172

出　　处：《渔业研究》2023年第4期356-364,共9页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(20)2027]

摘　　要：探讨4种非营养性饲料添加剂对澳洲淡水龙虾(Cherax quadricarinatus)肝胰腺消化酶活力、免疫功能及离体消化率的影响,筛选出适宜的饲料添加剂,为非营养性添加剂在饲料中的应用和研究提供理论依据。分别以柠檬酸(S-Ⅰ)、复合酶制剂(S-Ⅱ)、植物乳杆菌加枯草芽孢杆菌(S-Ⅲ)、根瘤菌加枯草芽孢杆菌(S-Ⅳ)作为非营养性添加剂,配制4种等氮等脂等能饲料,喂养澳洲淡水龙虾14 d后,取样测定其肝胰腺消化酶(胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶)活力、免疫功能[碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)]及离体消化率(干物质消化率、蛋白质离体消化率和总氨基酸转化效率)等相关指标。结果表明,S-Ⅰ可以显著提高澳洲淡水龙虾肝胰腺的淀粉酶、AKP和SOD活力(P<0.05),S-Ⅱ可以显著提高其淀粉酶和胰蛋白酶活力以及免疫功能(P<0.05);而S-Ⅲ和S-Ⅳ在消化酶活力和免疫功能上均显著提高(P<0.05)。在4种非营养性饲料添加剂对澳洲淡水龙虾离体消化率的影响中,S-Ⅳ的干物质消化率、蛋白质离体消化率和总氨基酸转化效率均值最高。S-Ⅲ和S-Ⅳ对消化酶活力、免疫功能及离体消化率的影响比S-Ⅰ和S-Ⅱ的高,并且S-Ⅳ的离体消化率比S-Ⅲ高,因此在这4种非营养性添加剂中优先选择S-Ⅳ。The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of four kinds of non-nutritive additives on the activity of digestive enzymes,immune function and in vitro digestibility of liver and pancreas of Australian freshwater lobster(Cherax quadricarinatus),and to screen out the appropriate feed additives,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application and research of non-nutritive additives in feed.Citric acid(S-Ⅰ),complex enzyme preparation(S-Ⅱ),Lactobacillus plantarum plus Bacillus subtilis(S-Ⅲ),and rhizobium plus B.subtilis(S-IV)were used as the non-nutritive additives to feed Australian freshwater lobster for 14 days.Then,activities of enzymes[alkaline phosphatase(AKP),acid phosphatase(ACP),superoxide dismutase(SOD)and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)]as well as in vitro digestibility of feed(dry matter digestibility,protein digestibility and amino acid production rate)were detected.S-Ⅰcould significantly increase(P<0.05)the activities of amylase,AKP and SOD in the hepatopancreas of Australian freshwater lobster,and S-Ⅱcould significantly increase(P<0.05)the activities of amylase,trypsin and immune function.The digestive enzyme and immune function of S-Ⅲand S-Ⅳwere significantly improved(P<0.05).Among the four non-nutritive feed additives,S-IV had the highest dry matter digestibility,protein digestibility and amino acid production rate in vitro.The digestive enzyme activity,immune function and in vitro digestibility of S-Ⅲand S-Ⅳwere higher than those of S-Ⅰor S-Ⅱ,and in vitro digestibility of S-Ⅳwas higher than that of S-Ⅲ,so S-Ⅳwas preferred among the four non-nutritive additives.

关 键 词：澳洲淡水龙虾 非营养性饲料添加剂 消化酶 免疫功能 离体消化 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]