土牛膝的传统应用及化学成分和药理活性研究进展  

Research progress of Achyranthes aspera——traditional uses,chemical constituents and pharmacological activities

作　　者：毕武 孙辉 丁野 李文莉 BI Wu;SUN Hui;DING Ye;LI Wenli(Hunan Engineering&Technology Research Center for Pharmaceutical Quality Evaluation,Hunan Institute for Drug Control,Changsha 410001,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省药品检验检测研究院,湖南省药品质量评价工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410001

出　　处：《药学研究》2023年第7期502-510,516,共10页Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(No.2022JJ80051)。

摘　　要：土牛膝是一种使用历史悠久,功效多样,在国内外都有较为广泛应用的传统药物。通过查阅近年来国内外文献,对土牛膝的传统应用情况、化学成分及药理活性研究概况进行归纳总结,结果表明土牛膝的种子、根、叶和汁液等均有药用记载,主要化学成分为三萜及其皂苷类、甾酮类、生物碱类、有机酸类等,具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒和抗感染、抗惊厥、抗焦虑、抗抑郁和神经保护、肝脏和胃肠保护、免疫调节、抗生育、降血糖和降血脂等多种药理活性,是一种具有良好开发前景的植物。本文希望为土牛膝的深入研究与开发利用提供参考。Achyranthes aspera is a commonly used folk medicine with a long history of application.This paper summarized the traditional uses,chemical compositions and pharmacological activities of Achyranthes aspera according to the domestic and foreign literature in recent years.The results showed that the traditional application of Achyranthes aspera at home and abroad was relatively extensive,and the leaves,juice,seeds,roots and other parts had medical records.The main chemical components were triterpenoids and their saponins,sterones,alkaloids and organic acids.It has many pharmacological activities,such as antioxidant,anti-tumor,antibacterial,anti-virus and anti-infection,anti-convulsion,anti-anxiety,anti-depression and neuroprotection,liver and gastrointestinal protection,immune regulation,anti-fertility activity,hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity.It is a plant with good development prospects.This review hopes to provide a reference for further research,development and utilization of Achyranthes aspera.

关 键 词：土牛膝 传统应用 化学成分 药理活性 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学] R285[医药卫生—中医学]