贝莱斯芽孢杆菌F85对烟草炭疽病的生防作用研究  

Study on the Biocontrol Effect of Bacillus velezensis F85 against Tobacco Anthracnose

作　　者：刘涵斐 徐婷婷 李锡宏 邱梦娟 张艺千 郑露[1] 黄俊斌[1] 黎妍妍 LIU Hanfei;XU Tingting;LI Xihong;QIU Mengjuan;ZHANG Yiqian;ZHENG Lu;HUANG Junbin;LI Yanyan(College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agriculture University,Wuhan 430207,China;Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北省作物病害监测和安全控制重点实验室,武汉430207 [2]湖北省烟草科学研究院,武汉430030

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2023年第3期47-52,61,共7页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：湖北省烟草公司科技项目(027Y2021-004);中国烟草总公司重大科技项目[110202201019(LS-03)]。

摘　　要：为明确贝莱斯芽孢杆菌对烟草炭疽病的生防作用,通过贝莱斯芽孢杆菌BacillusvelezensisF85和烟草炭疽病菌Colletotrichum fructicola共培养试验,测定了不同浓度的F85无菌发酵滤液(0.5%~20%)对C. fructicola的菌丝生长、分生孢子萌发及附着胞形成的影响,评价了F85对活体叶片的烟草炭疽病的防治效果。结果表明:(1)贝莱斯芽孢杆菌F85对C. fructicola、C. kahawae、C. karstii、C. siamense均表现出较好的拮抗作用,具有广谱抑菌效果。(2)贝莱斯芽孢杆菌F85可有效抑制烟草炭疽菌C. fructicola菌丝的生长,同时抑制炭疽菌分生孢子的萌发和附着孢形成。随F85无菌发酵滤液浓度升高,对C. fructicola的抑制作用更明显。20%F85无菌发酵滤液处理C. fructicola菌丝干质量抑制率和分生孢子芽管畸形率均达100%。(3)5%浓度以上的贝莱斯芽孢杆菌F85无菌发酵滤液对活体烟草炭疽病的防效高于70%。本研究丰富了烟草炭疽病生防菌资源,为开展烟草炭疽病的生物防治提供了理论依据。To determine the biocontrol effect of Bacillus velezensis F85 against tobacco anthracnose,co-culture experiments of B.velezensis F85 and C.fructicola were conducted.The effects of different concentrations of B.velezensis F85 aseptic fermentation filtrate(0.5%-20%)on mycelium growth,conidial germination and appressorium formation of C.fructicola were determined,and the effect of F85 on live leaf control of C.fructicola was evaluated.The results indicated that:(1)B.velezensis F85 showed good antagonism to C.fructicola,C.kahawae,C.karstii and C.siamense,suggesting that B.velezensis F85 had broad spectrum antifungal property for Colletotrichum spp..(2)B.velezensis F85 could effectively inhibit the mycelium growth of C.fructicola,and inhibit the germination of conidia and appressorium formation of anthrax.With the increase of the concentration of sterile fermentation filtrate of F85,its inhibitory effect on C.fructicola was more obvious.The dry weight inhibition rate of C.fructicola mycelium and the malformation rate of conidial bud tube were both 100%when the filtrate of F85 was 20%.(3)The control effect of B.velezensis F85(above 5%)on live leaf tobacco anthracnose was higher than 70%.This study enriched the biocontrol bacteria resources for tobacco anthracnose and provided theoretical basis for biological control of tobacco anthracnose.

关 键 词：烟草炭疽病 生物防治 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：S435.72[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]