溶剂萃取法分离提取镍和钴的研究现状及展望  

Research status and prospect of separation and extraction of nickel and cobalt by solvent extraction

作　　者：宋强[1,3] 童雄 谢贤[1] 张文杰[1,2] 许宝松[2] 范培强 彭世文 SONG Qiang;TONG Xiong;XIE Xian;ZHANG Wen-jie;XU Bao-song;FAN Pei-qiang;PENG Shi-wen(School of Land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;GEM Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518100,China;Yunnan Yuankuang Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]格林美股份有限公司,深圳518100 [3]云南缘矿科技开发有限公司,昆明650093

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2023年第6期1957-1971,共15页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1802252)。

摘　　要：镍和钴作为新能源三元动力电池的原料,工业需求量与日俱增,生产高纯度单一镍和钴产品是工业应用的前提。溶剂萃取法由于具有针对性强、分离系数高、能连续生产和操作简单等优势,已广泛应用工业生产中。本文详细综述有机膦类萃取剂、胺类萃取剂和螯合萃取剂在镍和钴分离提取的应用现状,同时阐述了酸性萃取剂+螯合萃取剂、胺类萃取剂+酸性萃取剂、酸性萃取剂+酸性萃取剂等协同萃取体系的研究,揭示不同体系萃取反应机理,以及工业生产中存在的优劣势。在此基础上,展望了未来溶剂萃取法分离稀土镍和钴的发展方向,为绿色、高效新工艺研发提供借鉴。Nickel and cobalt are the raw materials of new energy ternary power batteries,and the industrial demand is increasing day by day.The production of high-purity single nickel and cobalt products is the premise of industrial application.Solvent extraction is widely used in industrial production due to its advantages of strong pertinence,high separation coefficient,continuous production and simple operation.In this paper,the application status of organic phosphine extractants,amine extractants and chelating extractants in the separation and extraction of nickel and cobalt was reviewed in detail.The research on synergistic extraction systems such as extractant+acidic extractant has revealed the extraction reaction mechanism of different systems,as well as the advantages and disadvantages in industrial production.On this basis,the future development direction of the solvent extraction method for the separation of rare earth nickel and cobalt was prospected,which could provide a reference for the research and development of green and efficient new processes.

关 键 词：溶剂萃取 镍 钴 协同体系 分离纯化 

分 类 号：TF355.4[冶金工程—冶金机械及自动化]