锂云母提锂技术的研究进展  

Research progress of lithium extraction technology from lepidolite

作　　者：余裕森 崔立雪 王云帆 张利波[1,2] YU Yu-sen;CUI Li-xue;WANG Yun-fan;ZHANG Li-bo(Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2023年第6期1972-1993,共22页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(202107AA110002)。

摘　　要：锂云母是重要的矿石提锂来源,具有开采成本低廉、矿石资源丰富的优势,但由于锂云母提锂工艺自身存在一定劣势,其工业应用发展受到阻碍。本文对现今锂云母提锂技术进行分析,将提锂工艺分为酸法、碱法、盐法、压煮法和其他新型方法,并对不同提锂方法的原理、工艺流程以及优劣势进行了对比。酸法工艺提锂率高,废渣量小,但浸出液中成分复杂,分离纯化难度较大。碱法工艺流程简单,提锂率较高,但对设备要求较高。盐法工艺适用性好,提锂率较高,但成本较高,废渣量大,产生的废气会污染环境。压煮法具有工艺简单、锂浸出率较高的优点,但反应条件苛刻。鉴于上述提锂工艺均存在一定优势及不足之处,因此,在工业化应用时,需针对生产条件、成本和环保等方面因素进行综合分析,选择合适的提锂工艺。Lepidolite is an important sources of lithium extraction from ore,which has the advantages of low cost and abundant domestic ore resources,but the development of its industrial application is hindered by certain disadvantages of lithium extraction process of lepidolite.In this paper,we analyzed the present lithium extraction technology of lepidolite and classified the lithium extraction process into acid process,alkaline process,salt process,pressure cooking method and other new methods,and compared the principle,process flow and advantages and disadvantages of different lithium extraction methods.The acid process has a high lithium extraction rate and a small amount of waste residue,but the composition in the leachate is complex and difficult to separate and purify.The alkaline process is simple and has a high lithium extraction rate,but requires high equipment requirements.The salt process has good applicability and higher lithium extraction rate,but the cost is higher,the amount of waste residue is large,and the waste gas produced will pollute the environment.The pressure cooking method has the advantages of simple process and higher lithium leaching rate,but the reaction conditions are harsh.In view of the above lithium extraction processes,all of them have their advantages and disadvantages.A comprehensive analysis of production conditions,cost and environmental protection is required to select a suitable lithium extraction process for industrial application.

关 键 词：锂云母 提锂技术 焙烧 有价金属 综合利用 

分 类 号：TF826.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]