莲生物碱生物合成途径及相关基因研究进展  

Advances in the Biosynthetic Pathways and Related Genes of Lotus Alkaloids

作　　者：王玲 卓燊 付学森[1] 刘紫璇 刘笑蓉 王志辉[1,3] 周日宝 刘湘丹[1,3,4] WANG Ling;ZHUO Shen;FU Xue-sen;LIU Zi-xuan;LIU Xiao-rong;WANG Zhi-hui;ZHOU Ri-bao;LIU Xiang-dan(School of Pharmacy,Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Changsha 410208;Medicine,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou 545006;Laboratory for the Germplasm Resources and Standardized Planting of Hunan's Bulk Authentic Medicinal Materials,Changsha 410208;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization,Changsha 410208)

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学药学院,长沙410208 [2]广西科技大学医学部,柳州545006 [3]湘产大宗道地药材种质资源及规范化种植重点研究室,长沙410208 [4]湖南省普通高等学校中药现代化研究重点实验室,长沙410208

出　　处：《生物技术通报》2023年第7期56-66,共11页Biotechnology Bulletin

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-21);湖南省中医药管理局科研项目(D2022131(A2022005-9));2020年湖南省一流专业建设点:中药资源与开发;湖南中医药大学中药学一流学科项目(校行科字[2018]3号)。

摘　　要：莲的多个部位均可作药,其中苄基异喹啉类生物碱是荷叶、莲子心的主要活性成分。荷叶含有荷叶碱、莲碱等阿朴啡类生物碱,具有良好调脂减肥作用;莲子心中主要含有甲基莲心碱、莲心碱等双苄基异喹啉类生物碱,可抗心律失常。近年来,莲生物碱成分的显著药理活性及荷叶与莲子心的“同源异效”现象,激发越来越多研究工作者开展莲生物碱生源合成途径及关键酶研究。为此,本文综述了荷叶、莲子心生物碱成分类型、生物碱合成途径及关键酶基因研究进展,以期为解析莲的生物碱合成途径及荷叶、莲子心的药效分化分子机制提供参考。Many parts of lotus(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)can be used as medicine,among which benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids are the main active components in lotus leaf and lotus plumule.The study found that lotus leaf contains nuciferine,roemerine and other aporphine alkaloids,with good lipid-lowering weight-reducing effect.Lotus plumule mainly contains bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids such as neferine and liensinine,which can resist arrhythmia.In recent years,the significant pharmacological activity of lotus alkaloids and the phenomenon of‘homologous and different effects’between lotus leaf and lotus plumule have inspired more and more researchers to study the biosynthetic pathways and key enzymes of lotus alkaloids.Therefore,this paper reviews the research progress of alkaloid composition types,alkaloid synthesis pathways and key enzyme genes of lotus leaves and lotus plumule,aiming to provide reference for analyzing the alkaloid synthesis pathways of lotus and the molecular mechanisms of pharmacodynamic differentiation of lotus leaves and lotus plumule.

关 键 词：荷叶 莲子心 生物碱 生物合成途径 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]