二阴区旱作莴笋不同时期覆膜保墒增温效果试验  

Effects of Film Mulching at Different Periods on Moisture Preservation and Warming of Dry-land Lettuce in High-humid Mountain Area

作　　者：李硕 LI Shuo(Gansu Yongdeng County Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Yongdeng 730300,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省永登县农业技术推广中心,甘肃永登730300

出　　处：《蔬菜》2023年第8期22-26,共5页Vegetables

摘　　要：为探索适合旱作区早春保墒增温的最佳覆膜时期,保障旱作蔬菜的生产,结合永登县旱作农业的特点,在红叶莴笋旱作种植区域进行“双垄三沟”秋季覆膜、早春顶凌覆膜、播前覆膜3个不同时期的土壤覆膜试验,分析了不同处理耕层土壤湿度和温度的变化及其对红叶莴笋生长和产量的影响。结果表明:在红叶莴笋播种期,秋季覆膜和顶凌覆膜土壤含水量分别比播前覆膜高出7.7和5.5百分点;在幼苗期,秋季覆膜和顶凌覆膜平均土壤温度分别比播前覆膜提高1.8℃和1.3℃。与播前覆膜相比较,秋季覆膜和顶凌覆膜的红叶莴笋出苗期分别提早4 d和3 d,且出苗整齐、苗壮,产量分别提高13.79%和10.34%。结合二阴地区的实际情况,建议早春采用顶凌覆膜。In order to explore the best mulching period suitable for soil moisture preservation and soil temperature increasing in early spring and ensuring the production of dry-land vegetables,combined with the characteristics of dry-land agriculture in Yongdeng county,film mulching period tests of"double ridges and three furrows"in autumn,early spring and pre-sowing were carried out in the dry-land cultivation area of red leaf lettuce.The changes of soil moisture and temperature in different soil layers and the effects of film covering on the growth and yield of red leaf lettuce at different periods were analyzed.The results showed that the moisture content of soil under autumn mulching and early spring mulching was 7.7,5.5 percentage points higher than that pre-sowing mulching,respectively.At seedling stage,the average soil temperature of autumn mulching and early spring mulching was 1.8℃ and 1.3℃ higher than that pre-sowing mulching,respectively.Compared with pre-sowing mulching,the seedling stage of autumn mulching and early spring mulching were 4 d and 3 d earlier,respectively,and the seedlings were orderly and strong,and the yield was increased by 13.79% and 10.34%,respectively.According to the actual situation of high-humid mountain area,it was suggested to adopt the early spring mulching.

关 键 词：旱地蔬菜 红叶莴笋 覆膜时期 保墒 增温 

分 类 号：S636.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]