山地城市历史街区声环境优化策略研究  

Acoustic Environment Optimization Strategy of Historic Districts in Mountainous City

作　　者：何孟杭 谢辉[1,2] 何益 罗俊[4] HE Menghang;XIE Hui;HE Yi;LUO Jun(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountainous Area,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources of Yuzhong District,Chongqing 400015,China;Meishi Film Academy,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院,重庆400045 [2]重庆大学山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室,重庆400045 [3]重庆市渝中区规划和自然资源局,重庆400015 [4]重庆大学美视电影学院,重庆400030

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2023年第4期208-215,共8页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52008054);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2020CDJSK06PT14)。

摘　　要：以提升山地城市历史街区声环境品质为目的,选取重庆市三个历史街区为研究对象,基于702份有效声景评价表,采用声漫步法对研究区声环境进行评价,并开展声环境优化策略研究。从噪声控制、积极声景营造、丰富视听体验、结合山地地形的特色声景打造等方面,围绕山地历史街区声景原真性保护与声景设计提出声环境优化方案。结果表明:(1)研究区的平均噪声级比标准限值高0.4 dB(A)~5.5 dB(A),且整体声环境评价不高;(2)街区中的鸟鸣声最受大众喜爱,占声偏好评价总数43.7%;(3)施工声、交通噪声极大地降低街区的声景舒适度,分别占不喜欢声景评价总数的39.0%与35.8%;(4)声景与视觉景观的自然度与声景舒适度呈显著正相关关系。研究结果可为山地城市历史街区保护更新提供参考。This research aimed at improving the acoustic environment quality of historic districts in the mountainous city.Three historic districts in Chongqing were selected as the research cases.Based on the collection of 702 valid soundscape evaluation records,the soundwalk approach was adopted to evaluate the acoustic environment of the case districts.The results showed that:(1)The average noise level of the case districts was 0.4 dB(A)-5.5 dB(A)higher than the values recommended by national standard,and the overall acoustic environments were not good;(2)Birdsong in the districts was the most favorable popular sound among the public,accounting for 43.7%of the total preferred sounds;(3)Construction noise and traffic noise greatly reduced the soundscape comfort of districts,accounting for 39.0%and 35.8%of the total disliked soundscape respectively;(4)There was a significant positive correlation between the naturalness of soundscape and visual landscape,and soundscape comfort.This research provided a reference for the conservation and regeneration of historic districts in the mountainous city from the perspective of soundscape,and proposed strategies for acoustic environment optimization for original soundscape protection and soundscape design from varied aspects of noise control,positive soundscape creation,enriching audio-visual experience and characteristic soundscape promotion combined with mountainous terrain.

关 键 词：声学 声景 山地城市 历史街区 声漫步 城市声环境 

分 类 号：TU112.3[建筑科学—建筑理论]