社区门诊老年患者衰弱的现状及影响因素研究  

Current status and the influencing factors for the frailty in elderly patients in the community outpatient

作　　者：张鹏飞 杨艳 刘彬羽 ZHANG Peng-fei;YANG Yan;LIU Bin-yu

机构地区：[1]山东省慢性病医院,山东青岛266071 [2]山东第一医科大学,山东济南250000

出　　处：《中国疗养医学》2023年第9期995-998,共4页Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(20203101109)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨社区门诊老年患者衰弱的现状及影响因素。方法 选取2020年4月至2022年4月在山东省慢性病医院社区门诊就诊的老年患者115例,采用老年快速综合评估量表(RGA)进行衰弱、肌少症、厌食症和认知状态筛查,同时收集患者的一般资料,测定血常规、生化指标、C反应蛋白(CRP)、25-羟基维生素D3[25(OH)D3]、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c),分析临床资料与衰弱程度的关系。结果 115例患者中,无衰弱32例(27.83%)、衰弱前期48例(41.74%)、衰弱期35例(30.43%);肌少症患者66例(57.39%);老年厌食症58例(50.43%);轻度认知障碍66例(57.39%),痴呆状态5例(4.35%);不同程度衰弱患者总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、血钙(Ca2+)、25(OH)D3水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 社区门诊存在大量的衰弱、厌食症、肌少症、认知缺陷人群,应用RGA能快速早期将其识别,不同程度衰弱TC、HDL-C、TP、ALB、Ca2+、25(OH)D3水平有差异,为后期的进一步诊断及干预提供了帮助。Objective To study the current status and the influencing factors for the frailty in elderly patients in the community outpatient.Methods A total of 115 elderly patients in the Community Outpatient of Shandong Provincial Chronic Disease Hospital from April 2020 to April 2022 were recruited.The frailty,sarcopenia,anorexia of aging(AA)and cognitive statue were evaluated by the rapid geriatric assessment(RGA).Baseline characteristics were recorded.Routine blood testing,biochemical parameters,C-reactive protein(CRP),25 hydroxyvitamin D3(25[OH]D3)and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)were measured.The correlation between the degree of frailty and clinical data was analyzed.Results Among the 115 patients,there were 32(27.83%)non-frail cases,48(41.74%)pre-frail cases and 35(30.43%)frail cases.There were 66(57.39%)cases of sarcopenia and 58(50.43%)cases of AA.Mild cognitive impairment and dementia were detected in 66(57.39%)and 5(4.35%)cases,respectively.There were significant differences in the total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),blood calcium(Ca2+),and 25(OH)D3 levels in elderly patients with varied degrees of frailty(P<0.05).Conclusion There are a large number of people with frailty,AA,sarcopenia and cognitive status in the community outpatient.RGA can be used for a rapid early recognition.The levels of TC,HDL-C,TP,ALB,Ca2+and 25(OH)D3 in elderly patients with varied degrees of frailty are different,which can provide help for further diagnosis and intervention.

关 键 词：社区门诊 衰弱 老年快速综合评估量表 25-羟基维生素D3 现状 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]