外逃人员刑事缺席审判制度的现实选择——以国际合作为视角  

The Realistic Choice of the Criminal Trial System of Fugitives in Absentia——From the perspective of international cooperation

作　　者：李淑兰 Li Shulan(Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan Hubei 430073)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《警学研究》2023年第3期73-84,共12页Police Science Research

基　　金：中国法学会《腐败犯罪缺席审判制度研究》的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:CLS(2018)D112。

摘　　要：缺席审判制度的功能目标在于助力追逃追赃,但是由于我国缺席审判制度与域外缺席审判制度存在较大差别、各国在引渡法中一般不承认缺席审判的判决以及区域和国际公约对缺席审判制度有所限制,所以在实践中经由缺席审判获得的生效判决面临着难以获得被请求国认可的困境。在此局面之下,我们应该从国际合作角度出发,在告知程序、律师辩护以及重新审判上充分保障被告人的权利。被告人的知悉权是启动缺席审判的首要条件,既要从实质上保障被告人知晓案件的存在,也应当排除公告送达的适用;为没有聘请律师的外逃人员指定辩护人是对缺席被告人权利的必要补充,并且还要采取措施确保律师能达到有效辩护的标准;重新审判是对缺席被告人权利的兜底保护,一方面要赋予被告人重新审判的权利,另一方面也要对提起重新审判的条件有所规定。The trial in absentia system can help the pursuit evasion and booty-recovery,however,due to the great difference between China's absentee trial system and the extraterritorial system,the fact that countries generally do not recognize judgments in absentia in extradition laws,and the restrictions imposed on the absentee trial system in regional and international conventions,in practice,effective judgments obtained through absentee trials face difficulties in obtaining recognition by the requested country.Therefore,from the perspective of international cooperation,we should fully guarantee the rights of the accused in the notification procedure,the defense of counsel and the retrial.The right to know is the primary condition for starting a trial in absentia.It is necessary to ensure that the defendant is aware of the existence of the case in essence,and the application of notice service should also be excluded.The appointment of defenders for fugitives who have not retained counsel is a necessary complement to the rights of absentee accused and ensures that counsel meets the standards of effective defense;Retrial is the ultimate protection of the rights of the defendant in absentia,giving the defendant the right to retry,and stipulating the conditions for retry.

关 键 词：缺席审判 国际合作 告知程序 辩护权 重新审判 

分 类 号：D917.6[政治法律—法学]