对外经济调查活动与近代日本的经济发展——以1889年的印度棉业考察为例  

External economic investigation and the economic development of modern Japan:a case study of the investigation on the Indian cotton industry in 1889

作　　者：吴起 WU Qi(College of Humanities,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期90-100,共11页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“三井物产株式会社对华情报活动研究(1877—1945)”(19CSS030)。

摘　　要：情报是经济决策的重要依据,调查活动则是获取情报的重要方式。1889年,为了与印度棉纱竞争并确保棉花供应来源,同时为免除棉花进口税请愿运动提供依据,日本棉纺织企业的经济组织纺织联合会在日本政府的支持下进行了印度棉业考察。考察团详细调查了印度马德拉斯、孟买、加尔各答等地的棉花市场和棉纺织业,试验性收购了印度棉花。印度棉业考察加深了日本对印度棉业的认识,促进了印度棉花的进口,推进了免除棉花进口税请愿运动,推动了日本棉纺织技术的进步和棉纱出口,加快了日印贸易的发展。印度棉业考察深刻体现了对外经济调查活动对近代日本经济发展的促进作用。日本政府与经济组织、生产企业、贸易商社的合作是印度棉业考察取得成功的重要原因,也是日本对外经济调查活动的重要特征。Intelligence is an important basis for economic decision-making,and investigation is an impor-tant way to obtain intelligence.In 1889,to compete with the Indian cotton yarn and ensure the sources of cot-ton supply,besides,to provide a justification for the petition movement of exempting cotton import tax,Japan Textile Federation,an economic organization of Japanese cotton textile enterprises,conducted an investigation on the Indian cotton industry with government support.The investigation group made a full investigation of cot-ton markets and cotton textile industry in Madras,Mumbai,and Kolkata,and bought Indian cotton experimen-tally.This investigation deepened Japan’s understanding of Indian cotton industry,promoted the import of Indian cotton and the petition movement of exempting cotton import tax.Furthermore,it also boosted the de-velopment of Japanese cotton textile technology and cotton yarn export,and promoted Japan-India trade.The investigation on Indian cotton industry profoundly reflects the expansionary effect of external economic investi-gation on economy in modern Japan.The cooperation between the Japanese government and economic organi-zations,manufacturing enterprises,and trading companies contributes a lot to the success of the investigation on the Indian cotton industry.This type of cooperation is also the important feature of Japan’s external eco-nomic investigation.

关 键 词：日本棉纺织业 对外经济调查 印度棉业 纺织联合会 经济情报 

分 类 号：K313.41[历史地理—历史学]