学位撤销事由要件反思及其完善  

The Reflection on the Cause-related Elements for Revoking Academic Degree and the Improvement

作　　者：林华[1] LIN Hua

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学习近平法治思想研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《政治与法律》2023年第8期124-136,共13页Political Science and Law

基　　金：国务院学位委员会办公室委托课题“《学位条例》修订”的阶段性成果;“中国政法大学钱端升杰出学者支持计划资助项目”;“中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队支持计划”(项目编号:20CXTD06)资助

摘　　要：事由要件是学位撤销构成要件的实质要素,也是学位撤销法律争议的焦点内容。基于对现行《学位条例》第十七条的解读,舞弊作伪在实质层面上构成了学位撤销的事由要件。通过对法律文本和司法案例的统合性分析,舞弊作伪作为一个不确定的法律概念,可区分为学术层面的舞弊作伪和非学术层面的舞弊作伪。相应地,学位撤销事由也可分为学位撤销的学术事由和学位撤销的非学术事由。当前,学位授予单位和法院对学位撤销事由的判断标准经常呈现不一致的情形,需要通过立法和司法的双重路径去完善学位撤销的事由要件,进而实质性化解学位撤销法律争议,有效推进教育法治。The cause-related elements are the substantive factors of the constituents of revoking academic degree and also the focus of the controversies on revoking academic degree.Based on the interpretation of Article 17 of the Regulations on Academic Degrees,cheating and forgery constitute the cause-related element of revoking academic degree in the substantive term.Through the meta-analysis of the legal texts and judicial cases,the cheating and forgery,as a indefinite legal concept,may be divided into academic one and non-academic one,and accordingly the causes for revoking academic degree may also be divided into academic one and non-academic one.At present,institutions awarding academic degrees and courts often present inconsistent and divergent standards on judging the causes for revoking academic degrees.It is necessary to improve the cause-related elements of revoking academic degrees through the dual paths of legislation and judicature,so as to substantially resolve the disputes of revoking academic degrees and effectively promote the rule of la w in education.

关 键 词：学位撤销 事由要件 舞弊作伪 学术不端 

分 类 号：DF3[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]