拜登政府供应链安全政策的价值观基础评析  

An Analysis of the Values Basis of Biden Administration sSupply Chain Security Policy

作　　者：邢亚杰 Xing Yajie

机构地区：[1]清华大学国际关系学系

出　　处：《印度洋经济体研究》2023年第4期94-110,154,共18页Indian Ocean Economic and Political Review

基　　金：教育部社会科学司“2022年度国家人权教育与培训基地重大项目”(项目编号:22JJD820045)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在拜登政府的供应链安全构想中,价值观发挥着基础性作用。拜登政府通过价值观界定供应链安全的协调风险与中断风险,以价值观锚定供应链安全的各种议题,同时还以价值观设计供应链安全的合作机制。选择以价值观为基础是拜登政府综合考量的结果,面对内外双重经济压力,价值观有着低成本的优势。由于国内频发的民主危机与前任政府招致的信任损耗,重塑民主价值观吸引力成为拜登施政的基线之一。新冠肺炎疫情、乌克兰危机成为国家安全的扰动因素,中国的快速发展加剧了拜登政府的安全焦虑,也加强了拜登政府对价值观的重视。拜登政府以价值观壁垒塑造的供应链的本土化、集团化以及全球供应链面临的被动拆分,都加剧着国际经济秩序的失序。虽然由于动员能力的限制、现实利益的矛盾以及价值观联盟的脆弱性,价值观的工具效力降低,但一些新兴经济体国家尤其是中国,仍需采取前瞻性与系统性的政策予以应对。Values play a fundamental role in the Biden administration s vision for supply chain security.The Biden administration not only defines the coordination risk and interruption risk of supply chain security through values,but also anchors various issues of supply chain security with values,and designs the cooperation mechanism of supply chain security with values.The choice to be based on values is the result of comprehensive consideration.The Biden administration is faced with both internal and external economic pressures,and the low-cost values meet the expectations of limited investment.Due to the frequent democratic crises and the loss of trust caused by the previous government,rebuilding the attractiveness of democratic values has become one of the baselines for Biden administration.COVID-19 and Ukraine Crisis have become disturbing factors for American security,and the rise of China has rapidly exacerbated the security anxiety of the Biden administration.These external security threats have strengthened the Biden administration s emphasis on values.The Biden administration has shaped the localization and collectivization of the supply chain with value barriers,and the global supply chain is facing passive splitting,which is exacerbating the disorder of the international economic order.Although the instrumental effectiveness of values has been reduced due to the limitation of mobilization ability,conflicts with real interests,and the fragility of value alliances,some emerging economies,especially China,still need to adopt forward-looking and systematic policies to deal with these difficulties.

关 键 词：拜登政府 价值观 供应链安全 美国外交 

分 类 号：F171.2[经济管理—世界经济] D871.2[政治法律—政治学]