气候变暖背景下青海省夏季空调需求分析  

Requirement of air-conditioning for cooling in summer in Qinghai Province under climate warming

作　　者：杨文[1] 曹经福 李明财 牟纷纷 艾磊 Yang Wen;Cao Jingfu;Li Mingcai;Mu Fenfen;Ai Lei(Qinghai College of Architectural Technology,Xining 810013,Qinghai,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory for Oceanic Meteorology,Tianjin 300074,China;Tianjin Institute of Meteorological Science,Tianjin 300074,China)

机构地区：[1]青海建筑职业技术学院,青海西宁810013 [2]天津市海洋气象重点实验室,天津300074 [3]天津市气象科学研究所,天津300074

出　　处：《地理科学》2023年第6期1113-1121,共9页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42105174);青海省重点研发与转化计划(2022-SF-144);中国气象局重点创新团队“气候变化检测与应对”(CMA2022ZD03)资助

摘　　要：利用1961―2019年青海省6城市逐时气温资料,结合2000—2019年各城市社会经济资料,评估了气候变化及城市化对各城市空调度时数的影响,研究气候变暖背景下青海高原地区的空调需求。受气候变暖影响,各城市空调度时数均显著增多,升幅为1.1(℃·h)/10a(玉树)~124.2(℃·h)/10a(乐都),且随海拔升高而减小。除祁连和玉树外,格尔木、共和、西宁和乐都空调度时集中出现在午后11~18时,近10 a显著增多。祁连、玉树、共和气温超过26℃的日持续时长偏短,多为1~2 h,而西宁、格尔木、乐都则偏长,可达11~14 h。空调度时数与城市发展规模有一定联系,人口多的地区,空调度时数大,反之亦然。本研究证实,气候变暖导致青海高原部分城市空调度时数不同程度地增多,对夏季空调有一定需求,气候特征及城市发展均影响青海高原地区夏季空调。In this article,hourly temperature during 1961—2019 and socio-economic data from 2000 to 2019 in 6 cities of Qinghai province were analyzed to evaluate the effect of climate change and urbanization on cooling degree hours,aiming at determining the requirement of air-conditioning in summer in response to the climate warming in plateau region of Qinghai.The results show that the cooling hour degrees significantly increase in all the selected cities with climate change,with the increasing rates from 1.1(℃·h)/10a(Yushu)to 124.2(℃·h)/10a(Ledu).Moreover,the increasing rates decrease with the rising of elevation.Except for Qilian and Yushu,the cooling degree hours mainly exist at 11:00-18:00,with significant increase in recent 10 years in Golmud,Gonghe,Sining and Ledu.For the duration of hourly temperature over 26℃in a day,it could last 1-2 hours in Qilian,Yushu and Gonghe,much less than the duration of 11-14 hours in Sining,Golmud and Ledu.Additionally,cooling degree hours are associated with the scale of city development,i.e.,the more dwellers,the larger cooling degree hours,and vice versa.This study reveals that climate warming has exactly led to an increase in the number of cooling degree hours in some cities of the Qinghai Plateau,which has a certain demand for summer air conditioning.Climate characteristics and urban development both affect the summer air conditioning in the Qinghai plateau region.

关 键 词：气候变暖 空调度时数 空调需求 持续时长 城市化 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]