季节性水温变化对单级自养颗粒污泥反应器性能的影响  

Effect of seasonal water temperature variations on the performance of a singlestage autotrophic granular sludge reactor

作　　者：冯新宇 钱飞跃[1,2,3] 王建芳 王思凡[1] 谢璐琳 FENG Xinyu;QIAN Feiyue;WANG Jianfang;WANG Sifan;XIE Lulin(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215009;National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology,Suzhou 215009;Jiangsu High Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Material,Suzhou 215009)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院,苏州215009 [2]城市生活污水资源化利用技术国家地方联合工程实验室,苏州215009 [3]江苏高校水处理技术与材料协同创新中心,苏州215009

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第7期90-101,共12页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51878430);江苏省自然科学基金(No.BK20211339)。

摘　　要：全自养亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化(Partial nitritation/ANAMMOX,PN/A)工艺是可持续的生物脱氮工艺,季节性温度变化和低基质浓度是该工艺应用于主流污水处理的瓶颈.本研究在升流式单级反应器中运行382 d,进水氨氮浓度控制在70 mg·L^(-1),经历夏-秋-冬-春-夏四季更替,分析了反应器的脱氮性能、颗粒污泥特性、功能菌的活性变化及微生物结构变化,考察了温度波动和低温条件对脱氮性能和微生物群落动态的影响.结果表明,总氮去除负荷与温度季节性变化符合Boltzmann模型,污泥经历低温后,随温度回升,系统脱氮性能可恢复.温度在20℃以上时,平均总氮去除率可维持在70%以上,平均去除负荷达2.43 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1),温度降至7~15℃,总氮去除负荷仅为0.61 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1).系统中氨氧化菌(AOB)、厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)活性与温度变化呈正相关,低温时微生物活性受抑制,低温对AnAOB的影响比AOB更为显著.颗粒污泥粒径、颜色与温度、污泥性能之间具有很好的响应规律,温度在20℃以下时,会导致颗粒污泥颜色变浅,污泥粒径减小,絮体与颗粒污泥共存,沉降性能变差.PN/A颗粒污泥性能随温度波动而变化,会影响生物群落结构,与功能微生物的活性有重要相关性.Candidatus_Kuenenia、Nitrosomonas是始终占据主导地位的优势菌属.Completely autotrophic partial nitritation/ANAMMOX(PN/A)process is a sustainable biological denitrification process,and seasonal temperature variations and low substrate concentrations are bottlenecks in the application of this process to municipal wastewater treatment.In this study,the nitrogen removal performance,granular sludge characteristics,the functional bacteria activity and microbial structure changes were analyzed in an up-flow single-stage reactor for 382 days with the influent ammonia nitrogen concentration controlled at 70 mg·L^(-1)and natural temperature changes from summer-autumn-winter-spring-summer seasons.The effects of temperature fluctuations and low temperature conditions on nitrogen removal performance and microbial community dynamics were investigated.The results showed that the seasonal variation of total nitrogen removal rate with temperature was in accordance with Boltzmann model.After the sludge experienced low temperature,the nitrogen removal performance of the system could be recovered with the recovery of temperature.The average total nitrogen removal efficiency could be maintained above 70%and the average total nitrogen removal rate reached 2.43 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1)when the temperature was above 20℃,and the average total nitrogen removal rate was only 0.61 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1)when the temperature dropped to 7~15℃.The activity of AOB and AnAOB in the system was positively correlated with the change of temperature,and the microbial activity was inhibited at low temperature and the effect of low temperature on AnAOB was more significant than that of AOB.The particle size and color of granular sludge had a good response pattern with temperature change and sludge performance,and the temperature below 20℃led to lighter color of granular sludge,reduced sludge particle size,coexistence of flocs and granular sludge,and worse settling performance.The performance of PN/A granular sludge varied with temperature fluctuation,which affected biological community structure and had important corre

关 键 词：部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化(PN/A) 季节性水温变化 脱氮性能 颗粒形态 菌群结构 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]