植物与传粉者物候错配效应研究进展  

A review on phenological mismatches between plants and their pollinators

作　　者：王文 杜军 何志斌 马登科 赵鹏 WANG Wen;DU Jun;HE Zhibin;MA Dengke;ZHAO Peng(Linze Inland River Basin Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,临泽内陆河流域研究站,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第15期6465-6474,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071606);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项A类(XDA23060301)。

摘　　要：开花植物与传粉者之间稳定互惠模式的建立是维持互作双方种群适合度的关键。在全球变化的背景下,植物与传粉者对温度、融雪、人类活动等外界扰动的响应差异,易于引起两者关键物候期的不同步发生,由此可能减少传粉互作的重叠时间,改变相互作用的成本和收益,进而对两者的种群动态产生潜在的深远影响(即物候错配效应)。近年来国内外对植物花期与传粉者活动物候的错配研究主要集中在两方面:一是物候错配现象发生的原因及机制;二是这种物候错配带来的生态后果,尤其是对互惠双方种群动态的影响。但由于研究方法及数据获取等方面的局限性,物候错配研究仍存在一些薄弱环节,如物候匹配模式对环境变化的响应机制、传粉效率对错配效应的调节影响、物候数据获取的独立性等。本文综述了植物-传粉者物候错配效应的最新研究进展,并对未来的研究展望进行初步探讨,以期为物种多样性、动植物种群动态的合理预测等方面的研究提供有益的参考。Maintenance of stable mutualistic pattern between flowering plants and pollinators is key to the population fitness of the interacting partners.Under the background of global change,different responses to the external disturbances such as temperature,snow melting,and human activities may cause the asynchronously phenological responses between plant and pollinators.This phenomenon will reduce the phenological overlap and change the costs and benefits of interaction,then make a far-reaching influence on the population dynamics of both(i.e.,the phenological mismatch effect).In recent years,studies on phenological mismatch between plant flowering and pollinator activities have focused on two aspects:one was the cause and mechanism of phenological mismatch,and another was the ecological impacts caused by phenological mismatch,especially the impacts on the population dynamics of the reciprocal parties.However,due to the limitations of research methods and data acquisition,there are still some weaknesses in phenological mismatch research,including the response mechanism of phenological match pattern to environmental change,the adjustment of pollination efficiency to mismatch effect,and the independence of phenological data acquisition.Based on the latest research progress of phenological mismatch effect,this paper first introduced the phenological matching relationship between plants and pollinators,then reviewed the causes of phenological mismatch effect and the current research methods of mismatch effect as well as its ecological impacts,and finally made a preliminary discussion on the future research prospects,in order to provide useful references for the researches of species diversity and rational prediction of animal and plant population dynamics.

关 键 词：植物花期 传粉者活动 互惠关系 物候错配 种群动态 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]