滦河流域土壤保持和水质净化服务及其权衡与协同关系  

Soil conservation and water purification services and their trade⁃offs and synergies in Luanhe River Basin

作　　者：刘灿均 门宝辉[1] 申耀铎 庞金凤 LIU Canjun;MEN Baohui;SHEN Yaoduo;PANG Jinfeng(College of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学水利与水电工程学院,北京102206

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第14期5740-5752,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：全球环境基金(GEF)水资源与水环境综合管理主流化项目(1⁃2,2⁃6)。

摘　　要：滦河流域是京津冀地区重要的生态屏障和水源涵养区,但流域内仍存在水土流失、河流水质不达标等问题。基于实测资料及loadest模型等工具率定InVEST模型参数,定量评估了滦河流域各生态区2005、2010和2015年土壤保持和水质净化服务及其时空变化特征,采用相关分析和基于网格的Moran′I指数分析了两项服务的作用机理和权衡与协同关系的时空分异,并探讨了气候和土地利用变化对二者的影响。结果表明:2005年、2010年、2015年滦河流域年均土壤保持强度为136.45 t/hm^(2),时间上呈现出先强增后微减的特点,空间格局表现为由西北向东南增加;流域总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)年均输出量分别为1526.73 t/a和82.89 t/a,输出量逐年增加且集中在流域中下游,流域整体水质净化能力有所减弱。流域内水体中TN、TP浓度与泥沙入河量具有显著相关性,土壤保持和水质净化服务关系整体上由协同向权衡转变,空间上的差异性表现为林地、草地集中区域(生态区A)多以协同关系为主,而农牧带交错地区(生态区B)多以权衡关系为主。建议未来滦河流域开展生态建设和管理工作时应统筹考虑土壤保持和水质净化服务,因地制宜协调二者关系,通过增强流域水土保持功能带动水质净化服务的提升,并优化土地利用布局,促进流域的生态环境高质量发展。The Luan River Basin is an essentially ecological barrier and water conservation area in the Beijing⁃Tianjin⁃Hebei region.Notwithstanding,there are still problems concerning soil erosion and substandard river water quality in the basin.On the basis of the measured data,the parameters of the InVEST model were calibrated to quantitatively evaluate the soil conservation and water purification services and their temporal and spatial variation characteristics in each ecological region of the Luan River Basin in 2005,2010 and 2015,respectively.Correlation analysis and Moran′I index were employed to examine the mechanism of action and relationship of trade⁃offs and synergies between the two services.Meanwhile,we discussed how the two services would be affected by changes in land use and climate.The results demonstrated that the annually average soil conservation intensity of the Luanhe River Basin in 2005,2010 and 2015 was 136.45 t/hm^(2),displaying the characteristics of first strengthening and then decreasing slightly.Notably,the spatial distribution pattern showed an increase from northwest to southeast.The averagely annual output of total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)in the basin was 1526.73 t and 82.89 t,respectively.The lower and middle portions of the basin produced the majority of the output,which grew yearly.Additionally,the overall water purification capacity of the basin was weakened.There was a significant connection between the concentration of TN and TP in the water body in the basin and the amount of sediment that entered the river.The relationship between soil conservation and water purification services has changed from synergy to trade⁃off as a whole.The spatial difference lies in the fact that woodland and grassland concentrated areas are overwhelmingly based on synergy,whereas the agricultural and pastoral belt areas are predominately based on trade⁃off relationships.

关 键 词：土壤保持服务 水质净化服务 滦河流域 权衡与协同关系 土地利用 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S157[农业科学—土壤学]