2010—2021年石河子市流行性感冒流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Shihezi City from 2010 to 2021

作　　者：王可心 张宏伟[2] 张裴雯 郑琴[3] WANG Kexin;ZHANG Hongwei;ZHANG Peiwen;ZHENG Qin(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 830011,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆生产建设兵团疾病预防控制中心 [3]新疆生产建设兵团第八师石河子市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2023年第6期574-579,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团疾病预防控制中心2022年度课题(BTCDCKY202209)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2010—2021年石河子市流行性感冒(流感)的流行病学特征及病原学特征,为该地区流感的科学防控提供依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法分析2020—2021年石河子市流感的流行特征,采用Excel2019软件和SPSS 26.0软件对病例数据进行整理和统计分析,并分析病原学特征。结果 2010—2021年石河子市共报告流感样病例(influenza like illness,ILI) 29 069例,ILI%为0.81%,总体呈下降趋势。流感流行有明显的季节性,呈冬春流行,偶有出现夏季波动。2010—2021年共对6 318条核酸检测记录进行分析,其中核酸检测流感阳性样本有822份,核酸阳性检出率13.01%,流感分型主要以甲型流感病毒为主,春季流感优势毒株主要为B (Yamagata)与新甲H1型流感病毒,冬季流感优势毒株为季节性H3与新甲H1。ILI以0~<5岁组所占比例最高,12 509例(43.03%),≥60岁组所占比例最低,1 783例(6.13%)。结论 2010—2021年石河子市流感发病以低龄儿童为主,总体流感病毒分型主要以甲型流感病毒为主,针对石河子市流感流行状况,在冬、春季前做好流感预警预测等防控措施,可采取积极的非药物干预措施降低流感活动水平。Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of influenza in Shihezi City from 2010 to 2021,and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of influenza.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Shihezi City from 2020 to 2021.Excel 2019 and SPSS 26.0 software were used to process and statistically analyze the data.Results From 2010 to 2021,a total of 29069 influenza like illness(ILI)cases were reported in Shihezi City,with the incidence of 0.81%,an overall downward trend was observed during the study period.There was a seasonal distribution of influenza cases,majority occurred in winter and spring,with occasional fluctuation in summer.Out of 6318 samples tested for nucleic acid,822 were positive for influenza with the positive detection rate of 13.01%.Influenza A virus was the most common type,B(Yamagata)and new A H1 subtypes were dominant in spring,while seasonal H3 and new A H1 were dominant in winter.The percentage of ILI cases was the highest in the age group of 0-<5(43.03%,12509/29069),while was the lowest in the age group of≥60(6.13%,1783/29069).Conclusions In 2010-2021,the majority of influenza cases were young children,influenza A virus was the most common type.Based on the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Shihezi city,prevention and control measures such as early warning and prediction of influenza should be carried out before winter and spring,and active non-drug interventions can be taken to reduce the level of influenza activity.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流感病毒 流行特征 季节性 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]