河南省首起奥密克戎新型冠状病毒感染传播链和聚集性疫情分析  

The transmission chain and cluster cases of the first Omicron COVID-19 outbreak in Henan Province

作　　者：潘静静[1] 王文华 李亚飞 王若琳[1] 王莹莹 尤爱国[1] 聂轶飞[1] 王海峰[1] 叶莹[1] 黄学勇[1] PAN Jingjing;WANG Wenhua;LI Yafei;WANG Ruolin;WANG Yingying;YOU Aiguo;NIE Yifei;WANG Haifeng;YE Ying;HUANG Xueyong(Institute for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2023年第6期602-607,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河南省医学科技创新工程项目(SBGJ202001003);河南省疫情防控科研攻关项目(211100311000);河南省医学科技攻关计划联合共建项目(LHGJ20210144);河南省中青年卫生健康科技创新领军人才培养项目(YXKC2020006)。

摘　　要：目的 分析河南省首起奥密克戎新型冠状病毒感染聚集性疫情和传播链,指导不同场所疫情防控。方法 将河南省安阳市2022年1月本土报告的奥密克戎病毒株感染者468例作为研究对象,收集其流行病学调查、实验室检测等信息,采用描述流行病学方法分析不同聚集性疫情和传播链的特点。结果 该起疫情传染源头为2021年12月28日从天津返回的大学生。468例感染者中,9例感染来源不明确,其他459例共理清寄宿制学校链(304例)和A村链(155例)两大传播链;寄宿制学校链通过学校的老师和学生在校外的家庭接触、聚餐、就诊、邻居接触、集中隔离行为传播;A村链病例通过超市购物、参加葬礼、牙医诊所就诊、聚餐、工厂工作、家庭接触、打牌等行为造成疫情传播,J-W超市和L工厂传播链造成的病例数较多,存在拖尾现象。主要涉及8起聚集性疫情,包括1个学校(283例)、1个村庄(35例)、 1个小区楼栋(20例)、 2个超市(29例)、 1个工厂(8例)、 1起牙医诊所相关(10例)、 1起葬礼相关(10例)。寄宿制学校基本再生数R0为5.46 (95%CI:3.11~8.77), A村R0为3.05 (95%CI:1.21~6.19),J-W超市R0为7.40 (95%CI:4.02~12.29),L工厂R0为3.66 (95%CI:1.72~6.71)。结论 河南首起奥密克戎疫情传播链清晰,有两条大的传播链条。学校、村庄、超市、工厂、葬礼等是疫情传播严重场所。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristic and transmission chain of the first coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)cluster outbreak caused by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron(B.1.1.529)variant in Henan Province,so as to provide evidence for epidemic prevention and control guidance in different sites.Methods The information of epidemiological investigation reports and laboratory tests of 468 indigenous cases of Omicron infections in Anyang City,Henan Province in January 2022 were collected.Descriptive method was used to describe the epidemiological characteristics and transmission chains of various clusters of cases.Results The outbreak in Anyang originated from a university student back from Tianjin on December 28,2021.Of the 468 cases,nine were of unknown origin,and the transmission in the remaining 459 cases was through two major transmission chains:one being the boarding school transmission chain(304 cases)and the other being village A transmission chain(155 cases).The boarding school transmission spread out of school through family contact,group dinning,doctor-visiting,neighbors contact,and quarantine contact with teachers and students of the school,while the village A transmission spread out through market-shopping,funeral-attending,dentist-visiting,group dinning,factory-working,family contact,and card games.The outbreak spread widely due to transmission in supermarket J-W and factory L,demonstrating a trail of the epidemic.Eight clusters were identified,including 1 school cluster(283 cases),1 village cluster(35 cases),1 residential building cluster(20 cases),2 market clusters(29 cases),1 factory cluster(8 cases),1 dental clinic cluster(10 cases)and 1 funeral cluster(10 cases).The basic reproduction numbers in the boarding school,village A,supermarket J-W,and factory L were 5.46(95%CI:3.11-8.77),3.05(95%CI:1.21-6.19),7.40(95%CI:4.02-12.29),and 3.66(95%CI:1.72-6.71),respectively.Conclusion The transmission of Omicron variant rise rapidly via two distinct transmission chains.Schools,villages,markets,factories,and

关 键 词：奥密克戎 新型冠状病毒 聚集性疫情 传播链 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学]