双龙沟废弃矿区不同造林年限人工沙棘林土壤重金属分布特征及其对酶活性的影响  

Distribution of heavy metals and their effects on enzymatic activity in soil of artificial Hippophae rhamnoides forests of different ages near abandoned mines in Shuanglonggou

作　　者：宋达成 吴昊[1,3] 王理德 王飞[1,3] 张裕凯 赵学成[4] SONG Da-cheng;WU Hao;WANG Li-de;WANG Fei;ZHANG Yu-kai;ZHAO Xue-cheng(Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Hexi Corridor Forest Ecosystem National Research Station,Wuwei 733000,China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Wuwei 733000,China;Haxi Station of Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve,Wuwei 733206,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省河西走廊森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,甘肃武威733000 [3]甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室培育基地,甘肃武威733000 [4]甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区管护中心哈溪自然保护站,甘肃武威733206

出　　处：《草业学报》2023年第8期61-70,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42167069);甘肃省青年科技基金(20JR10RA468,21JR7RA734)资助

摘　　要：以哈溪双龙沟废弃矿区周边3种不同造林年限人工沙棘林(造林2年、造林10年、对照荒地)为对象,采用时空互代法研究了废弃矿区周边不同恢复年限样地土壤重金属含量以及4种酶活性(蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和脲酶),同时分析了重金属元素与4种土壤酶活性的作用效应。结果表明,不同造林年限样地间土壤重金属含量变化总体保持一致,V、Mn、Ni、Cu、Sr、Ba等重金属含量下降了4.21%~26.84%,其中V、Mn、Sr、Ba含量随土层深度增加而增大,而Cu、Ni则在表层土壤含量较多;随着植物生长过程的推进,土壤蔗糖酶(SA)、碱性磷酸酶(APA)、过氧化氢酶(CA)和脲酶(UA)活性均值涨幅达到12.89%~255.29%,且呈明显的表聚现象;区域主要重金属含量和土壤酶活性之间表现出较强的负相关性,Sr是影响区域土壤酶活性变化的主要重金属驱动因子。该研究结果对于祁连山及其相似山区废弃矿区土壤修复具有一定的参考价值。In this study,we investigated the distribution of heavy metals derived from mining activities in forest soils,how they are affected by vegetation,and how they affect soil enzyme activity.The study sites consisted of two artificial Hippophae rhamnoides forests with different ages(2,10 years)and a control(wasteland),which were located near abandoned mines in Shuanglonggou,Haxi.We investigated the temporal and spatial substitution of heavy metals in the soil and the activity of four enzymes(sucrase,alkaline phosphatase,catalase and urease)in soil of forests of different ages located near abandoned mines.The heavy metal contents in soil were generally similar between the forests of different ages,but the contents of vanadium(V),manganese(Mn),nickel(Ni),copper(Cu),strontium(Sr),and barium(Ba)were 4.21%-26.84%lower in forest soils than in CK soil.The concentrations of V,Mn,Sr,and Ba increased with soil depth,and the concentrations of Cu and Ni were relatively higher in surface soil.The activities of soil enzymes were higher in the more mature forest,with sucrase,alkaline phosphatase,catalase,and urease activities being 12.89%-255.29%higher in the 10-year-old forest soil than in the CK soil.There was a strong negative correlation between the regional heavy metal content and the activity of soil enzymes.Strontium was identified as the main driving factor for differences in soil enzymatic activity among sites.This research provides a reference for the treatment of soil around abandoned mines in Qilian Mountain and other similar areas.

关 键 词：植被恢复 土壤 重金属 酶活性 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X75[农业科学—林学] S714