避雷针工作原理研究  

Study on the Working Principle of Lightning Rod

作　　者：杨晖 史忠秋 郭仁宏 丘翊仙 黄昱 YANG Hui;SHI Zhongqiu;GUO Renhong;QIU Yixian;HUANG Yu

机构地区：[1]广州市气象局,广东广州510530 [2]广东粤电珠海海上风电有限公司,广东珠海519040 [3]广东粤电阳江海上风电有限公司,广东阳江510630 [4]广东佛山顺德伦教金盾防雷技术发展有限公司,广东佛山528308

出　　处：《电力系统装备》2023年第6期66-68,190,共4页Electric Power System Equipment

基　　金：广东粤电珠海璧青湾海风场强电磁脉冲防护(雷电)技术研发项目(YJW-PK-23010)。

摘　　要：避雷针是预防直接雷击的主要技术措施。在高压输电线路、风力发电机、户外化工场所、高速公路等专业领域均普遍使用。大量实践证明,安装避雷针,利用其吸引雷电的作用,采用保护角法进行保护的物体雷击事故依然频繁发生。为了解决上述领域的雷电灾害难题,气象、电力专家研究了避雷针的工作原理,发现避雷针具有吸引雷电和屏蔽雷电的两个作用。文章以负雷电为例,系统论述了避雷针吸引雷电和屏蔽雷电两个作用的物理过程,对于地面物体进行保护的工程应用方法及效果,重新定义了避雷针的工作原理。Lightning rod is the main technical measure to prevent direct lightning strike.It is widely used in highvoltage transmission lines,wind turbines,outdoor chemical sites,expressways,and other professional fields.A large number of practice has proved that the installation of lightning rod,the use of attracting lightning,the protection Angle method to protect the object lightning accidents still occur frequently.In order to solve the problem of lightning disaster in the above fields,meteorological and electric power experts studied the working principle of the lightning rod,and found that the lightning rod has two functions of attracting lightning and shielding lightning.This paper systematically discusses the physical process of attracting lightning rod and shielding lightning protection,the engineering application method and effect of ground objects,and redefines the working principle of lightning rod.

关 键 词：避雷针 工作原理 吸引作用 屏蔽作用 保护角法 区域防雷 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]