动物源A型产气荚膜梭菌流行情况调查及α毒素基因分析  

Epidemiological Investigation of Clostridium perfringens Type A from Animal Sources and Analysis ofαToxin Genes

作　　者：王潘龙 程佳佳 尹月 刘锡武[4] 王森 栾庆东 原昆鹏 曲雪婷 张晓轩 倪宏波 王建琳[1] 尹燕博[1] WANG Pan-long;CHENG Jia-jia;YIN Yue;LIU Xi-wu;WANG Sen;LUAN Qing-dong;YUAN Kun-peng;QU Xue-ting;ZHANG Xiao-xuan;NI Hong-bo;WANG Jian-lin;YIN Yan-bo(College of Veterinary Medicine,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163316,China;Qingdao Bolong Experimental Animal Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266200,China;Qingdao Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Institute,Qingdao 266000,China;Orange Pet Hospital,Qingdao 266061,China;Qingdao Bolong Gene Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266041,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物医学院,山东青岛266109 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学,黑龙江大庆163316 [3]青岛博隆实验动物有限公司,山东青岛266200 [4]青岛市畜牧兽医研究所,山东青岛266000 [5]橘子宠物医院,山东青岛266061 [6]青岛博隆基因工程有限公司,山东青岛266041

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2023年第7期47-53,共7页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：青岛市民生科技计划项目(19-6-1-74-nsh);山东省家禽产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-11-03)。

摘　　要：产气荚膜梭菌是一种重要的人畜共患病原菌,在一定条件下可引起多种严重疾病。为了调查不同动物A型产气荚膜梭菌流行情况及α毒素基因同源性,本试验从不同地区共采集病料307份,其中鸡133份(包括肉鸡112份、蛋鸡21份)、鸭65份、犬31份、猪14份、兔子20份、小鼠9份、牛粪便18份、鸵鸟粪便17份。取肠道内容物和粪便进行产气荚膜梭菌分离鉴定和毒素基因分型,并检测cpe、β2毒素基因携带率;从不同地区、不同动物源A型产气荚膜梭菌分离株挑选18株进行α毒素基因扩增,将所得基因序列进行同源性比较。结果显示,307份样品中68份(22.1%)呈产气荚膜梭菌阳性,不同动物源产气荚膜梭菌阳性率介于5.9%~44.4%;68株产气荚膜梭菌分离株α毒素基因阳性率为100%,所有分离株毒素基因分型均为A型,未检测到cpe毒素基因,β2毒素基因总阳性率为63.2%;分离株与NCBI参考菌株α毒素基因相似性介于97.8%~100%。结果表明,不同动物α毒素具有很高的同源性,本调查为研发A型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素通用疫苗提供数据支持。Clostridium perfringens is an important zoonotic pathogen that can cause various severe diseases under certain conditions.In order to investigate the prevalence of animal type A Clostridium perfringens and the homogeneity ofαtoxin genes,a total of 307 samples were collected from different regions.Among them,there were 133 samples from chickens(including 112 broiler chickens and 21 laying hens),65 samples from ducks,31 samples from canines,14 samples from swine,20 samples from rabbits,9 samples from mice,18 samples from cattle feces,and 17 samples from ostrich feces.The intestinal contents and feces were used for the isolation,identification,and toxin gene typing of Clostridium perfringens,and the carriage rate of cpe andβ2 toxin genes was detected.Eighteen isolates of animal type A Clostridium perfringens from different regions and different animal sources were selected for amplification of theαtoxin genes,and the obtained gene sequences were compared for homology.The results showed that 68 out of the 307 samples(22.1%)were positive for Clostridium perfringens,and the positive rates of Clostridium perfringens in different animal sources ranged from 5.9%to 44.4%.The positive rate ofαtoxin genes in the 68 Clostridium perfringens isolates was 100%,and all isolates showed type A toxin gene typing.No cpe toxin gene was detected,and the overall positive rate ofβ2 toxin genes was 63.2%.The similarity of theαtoxin genes between the isolates and the NCBI reference strains ranged from 97.8%to 100%.These results indicate a high homogeneity of theαtoxin genes among different animal sources,providing data support for the development of a universal vaccine targetingαtoxin of type A Clostridium perfringens.

关 键 词：产气荚膜梭菌 基因型 Α毒素 多种动物源 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]