基于运动生物力学方法的人体行走能量消耗评估模型的研究  

Research on assessment model for energy expenditure during walking based on sports biomechanical methods

作　　者：闫松华[1,2] 孙世杰 张宽[1,2] YAN Songhua;SUN Shijie;ZHANG Kuan(School of Biomedical Engineering,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069;Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application,Beijing 100069)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学生物医学工程学院,北京100069 [2]临床生物力学应用基础研究北京市重点实验室,北京100069

出　　处：《北京生物医学工程》2023年第4期398-404,共7页Beijing Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31170900)资助。

摘　　要：目的从运动生物力学角度,建立一个基于机械功和机械效率等力学参数的能量消耗模型,实现日常生活状态下行走能量消耗的评估。方法选取32名男性健康受试者参与试验(20名用于建模,12名用于模型验证)。受试者佩戴便携式设备,在能量代谢舱里的跑台上以最自然的步速和步长行走8 min。应用建立的四肢倒钟摆力学模型,计算机械功(mechanical work,MW)和机械效率(mechanical efficiency,ME),并与代谢舱的测量值进行比较。机械效率的计算应用了两个假设。假设I:把机械效率看做是恒量;假设II:把机械效率看做是与行走速度(walking speed,WS)相关的变量。结果由角速度传感器得到的步行过程中的大腿、小腿倾角与运动捕捉系统测量值的相关系数是0.998和0.999,均方根误差分别为3.16°和4.25°;步行的机械功是(0.98±0.16)J/kg·m,机械效率是0.29±0.06和ME=0.203+0.035WS;模型和试验得到的运动能量消耗没有显著差异(P=0.91,P=0.54)。结论本研究建立的模型可以为日常生活状态下步行的能量分析提供一种方法,步行的机械效率与行走速度显著相关。Objective To establish a model for calculating energy expenditure based on the mechanical work(MW)and mechanical efficiency(ME)from sports biomechanical perspective and to realize the evaluation of energy expenditure during walking under free-living conditions.Methods Thiry-two male healthy subjects were chosen for this study(20 for modeling and 12 for validation).Participants wore a portable device with four uni-axial gyroscopes and walked on a treadmill inside a human indirect calorimeter at the most natural speed and step length for 8 mins.Mechanical work(MW)and mechanical efficiency(ME)of walking were calculated from the four-segment inverted pendulum mechanical model and were compared to the values measured with a human indirect calorimeter.Two assumptions were applied to determinate ME:(Ⅰ)considering ME as a constant,(Ⅱ)considering ME as a walking speed(WS)-related variable.Results The correlation coefficient for thigh and shank were 0.998 and 0.999 between inclinations of one subject derived from gyroscopes and motion analysis system,the RMSE for thigh and shank were 3.16 degrees and 4.25 degrees,respectively.MW of walking was(0.98±0.16)J/kg·m.ME of walking was 0.29±0.06 and ME=0.203+0.035WS.There were no significant difference between AEE from model and experiment(P=0.91,P=0.54).Conclusions The mechanical models we constructed can provide an alternative method for the energetic analysis of walking under daily life conditions.Mechanical efficiency of walking is related to the walk speed significantly.

关 键 词：日常生活中的行走 运动生物力学 机械功 机械效率 人体能量代谢舱 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]