基于响应面弹性充液水消声器声学性能优化研究  

Acoustic performance optimization of elastic water-filled muffler based on response surface

作　　者：闫超群 童宗鹏 吴恒亮 殷长春 陈艺凡 伍勇 YAN Chao-qun;TONG Zong-peng;WU Heng-liang;YIN Chang-chun;CHEN Yi-fan;WU Yong(Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute,Shanghai 201108,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所,上海201108

出　　处：《船舶力学》2023年第8期1240-1252,共13页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：工信部船舶动力基础科研专项基金(DE-1302)。

摘　　要：为有效控制通海水管路系统管内流噪声,尤其是降低通海管路管口辐射噪声级,提出一种带有新型弹性背腔和气囊结构、具备阻隔管路噪声传递功能的弹性充液水消声器。首先建立新型弹性背腔单元声学传递矩阵,并通过仿真分析弹性背腔单元声学特性;其次,根据Box-Behnken响应面优化方法设计水消声器传递损失试验,通过湖试台架声学试验,采用两负载法获得水消声器多型样机传递损失结果;最后,根据试验结果建立传递损失与试验因素间的数学模型,获得不同结构变量对传递损失的二阶交互作用响应面,深入分析不同结构变量间交互影响关系,并通过试验对得到的最优试验条件进行验证。结果表明,数学模型和试验数据相关性较高、拟合程度较好,设计的水消声器能有效降低通海水管路系统管内流噪声,根据数学模型优化设计的水消声器可使管口辐射噪声级降低9.6 dB。In order to effectively control the flow noise in the pipes of a sea water pipeline system,especially to reduce the radiation noise level of the pipe orifices of the sea pipelines,an elastic liquid-filled water muf‐fler with a new elastic back cavity and air bag structure capable of blocking the transmission of pipeline noise was proposed.Firstly,the acoustic transfer matrix of the new elastic back cavity element was established,and the acoustic characteristics of the elastic back cavity element were analyzed by simulation.Secondly,the transmission loss test of the water muffler was designed according to the Box-Behnken response surface opti‐mization method.Through the acoustic test of lake test bench,the transmission loss results of multi-type pro‐totypes of the water mufflers were obtained by using the two load method.Finally,according to the test re‐sults,the mathematical model between transmission loss and test factors was established,the second-order interaction response surface of different structural variables on transfer loss was obtained,the interaction rela‐tionship between different structural variables was analyzed in depth,and the optimal test conditions were verified by experiments.The results show that the correlation between the mathematical model and the test data is high and the fitting degree is good.The designed water muffler can effectively reduce the flow noise in the pipes of the seawater pipeline system.The water muffler optimized according to the mathematical model can reduce the radiation noise level of the pipe orifice by 9.6 dB.

关 键 词：弹性背腔 气囊 管口辐射 湖试 Box-Behnken优化 

分 类 号：TB535.2[理学—物理]