南海-东印度洋海域微生物气溶胶空间分布特征  

Spatial distribution of microbial aerosols in the South China Sea and Eastern Indian Ocean

作　　者：石渝婷 刘婷[2] 张广洋 薛飞洪 邹世春[3] 张颖仪[1] 赖森潮[1] SHI Yuting;LIU Ting;ZHANG Guangyang;XUE Feihong;ZOU Shichun;ZHANG Yingyi;LAI Senchao(The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters,Ministry of Education,School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,Guangdong,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation,School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hubei Polytechnic University,Huangshi 435003,Hubei,China;School of Marine Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学、环境与能源学院、工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室,广东广州510006 [2]湖北理工学院、环境科学与工程学院、矿区环境污染控制与修复湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄石435003 [3]中山大学、海洋科学学院,广东珠海519082

出　　处：《地球化学》2023年第3期281-288,共8页Geochimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41911530110、41675119、41575115)资助。

摘　　要：通过走航观测对南海-东印度洋海域的大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)(共49个)进行采集,使用DAPI染色荧光显微技术获得微生物气溶胶浓度,开展微生物气溶胶在该海域空间分布特征的研究。结果显示,微生物气溶胶浓度范围在2.14×10^(4)~5.93×10^(6) cells·m^(−3)之间,空间分布明显不均衡,即东印度洋>海峡>南海。在东印度洋海域,微生物气溶胶浓度变化幅度较大,以赤道为界,总体呈现北高南低的趋势。微生物气溶胶的粒径主要分布在0.37~2.5µm之间。南海、海峡和东印度洋赤道以北样品中原核生物占比较高,约65%;而在东印度洋赤道以南,真核生物占比则升高至近50%。最后,本研究根据东印度洋海域微生物气溶胶的差异,对其来源开展研究,揭示了海洋生物分布、海洋环境要素以及人为源远距离传输等因素对于开放海域微生物气溶胶浓度的影响。In this study,we collected 49 atmospheric PM2.5 samples during a cruise campaign over the oceanic area from the South China Sea(SCS)to the Eastern Indian Ocean(EIO),and obtained the microbial concentrations using fluorescence microscopy after staining with 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride(DAPI).The microbial concentrations ranged from 2.14×10^(4) to 5.93×10^(6) cells·m^(−3),showing a clear spatial distribution.The average concentration of microbial aerosols in the EIO was higher than those in the SCS and the three straits.In the EIO,the microbial concentrations varied greatly,showing higher concentrations in the northern region than in the southern region.Microbial aerosols dominated in the size range of 0.37 to 2.5µm.The proportion of prokaryotes was relatively high(approximately 65%)in the SCS samples,the strait samples,and the northern EIO samples,whereas the proportion of eukaryotes in the southern EIO samples was higher.We therefore investigated the possible contributing sources and propose that marine biological distribution and marine environmental elements play important roles in the variation of microbial aerosol concentrations in the open ocean.We further suggest the importance of continental anthropogenic contributions to marine microbial aerosols via long-range transport in this oceanic area.

关 键 词：微生物气溶胶 开放海域 粒径分布 空间变化 海陆影响 

分 类 号：P67[天文地球—海洋地质]