131例急性中毒患者流行病学及危险因素分析  

Analysis of epidemiology and risk factors in 131 patients with acute poisoning

作　　者：贺明轶[1] 王春梅[1] 刘芳艳[1] 翟文亮[1] HE Mingyi;WANG Chunmei;LIU Fangyan;ZHAI Wenliang(Department of Emergency,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院急诊科,北京100053

出　　处：《长春中医药大学学报》2023年第8期902-905,共4页Journal of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2020YFC2005400)。

摘　　要：目的分析宣武医院急诊科131例急性中毒患者流行病学及危险因素。方法选取2019年7月-2022年6月宣武医院急诊科131例急性中毒患者,对患者的临床资料进行分析,并记录其临床特征、预后情况,探究流行病学特征及危险因素。结果131例急性中毒患者,女性患者(58.73%,77/131)多于男性患者(41.22%,54/131),60~95岁患者占比最大(38.17%,50/131),中毒类型中以药物中毒为主(81.68%,107/131),患者因自杀出现中毒占79.39%(104/131),患者有精神疾病占69.47%(91/131)。131例急性中毒患者年龄、混合中毒、精神基础疾病、自杀倾向等方面,生存组与死亡组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);性别、中毒类型、血液净化、呼吸机支持,生存组与死亡组比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),可能为急性中毒患者的独立危险因素;Logistic回归分析显示:性别(OR=1.425,95%CI:0.252~8.070,P=0.689)、中毒类型(OR=4.682,95%CI:0.886~24.751,P=0.069)、血液净化(OR=5.750,95%CI:0.935~36.354,P=0.059)、呼吸机支持(OR=15.125,95%CI:2.113~108.245,P=0.007)。结论女性中毒患者高于男性,药物中毒、酒精中毒、农药中毒、重金属中毒等是急诊科急性中毒的主要中毒种类,具有自杀倾向和患者精神疾病基础的患者在中毒患者中占比均较高。性别、中毒类型、血液净化以及呼吸机支持是影响急性中毒患者的独立危险因素。针对急诊科急性中毒的流行病学特征,应加强对患者的健康教育,普及用药安全教育,对生活压力较大患者及时进行心理疏导,降低中毒发病率和病死率。Objective To analyze the epidemiology and risk factors of 131 patients with acute poisoning in emergency department of Xuanwu Hospital.Methods 131 patients with acute poisoning from Department of Emergency of Xuanwu Hospital from July 2019 to June 2022 were selected.The clinical data of patients were analyzed,their clinical characteristics and prognosis were recorded,and epidemiological characteristics and risk factors were explored.Results Among 131 patients with acute poisoning,female patients(58.73%,77/131)were more than male patients(41.22%,54/131);Patients aged 60-95 accounted for the largest proportion(38.17%,50/131);Drug poisoning was the main type of poisoning(81.68%,107/131);The patients developed poisoning due to suicide(79.39%,104/131);The patients had mental illness(69.47%,91/131).There were no statistically significant differences between survivors and deaths in age,mixed poisoning,mental underlying diseases,suicide tendency and other aspects among 131 patients with acute poisoning(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in sex,poisoning type,blood purification and ventilator support between survivors and deaths(P<0.05),which might be independent risk factors for acute poisoning patients.The results of Logistic regression analysis were sex(OR=1.425,95%CI:0.252-8.070,P=0.689),type of poisoning(OR=4.682,95%CI:0.866-24.751,P=0.069),blood purification(OR=5.750,95%CI:0.935-36.354,P=0.059),and ventilator support(OR=15.125,95%CI:2.113-108.245,P=0.007).Conclusion The female poisoning patients are higher than the male patients,and drug poisoning,alcohol poisoning,pesticide poisoning and heavy metal poisoning are the main types of acute poisoning.Patients with suicidal tendencies and patients with mental disease foundation account for the higher proportion of poisoning patients.Sex,type of poisoning,blood purification and ventilator support are independent risk factors affecting patients with acute poisoning.According to the epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning in the emergency d

关 键 词：急性中毒 自杀 药物过量 血液净化 呼吸机支持 

分 类 号：R595[医药卫生—内科学]