世界优秀女子跳高运动员起跳技术特征分析  

An Analysis of Take-Off Technique Characteristics of the Worlds Elite Female High Jumpers

作　　者：刚杨 Gang Yang(Schol of Physical Education,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250358,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学体育学院,山东济南250358

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第7期96-97,174,共3页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：本文以世界优秀女子跳高运动员起跳阶段技术特征为基础,运用文献资料法、二维录像解析法、数理统计法和对比分析法对2020年东京奥运会女子跳高决赛运动员起跳技术进行分析。研究结果:①东京奥运会女子跳高决赛运动员的最大腾空高度平均为(122.59±3.41)%,女子跳高运动员的最大腾空高度大致为自身身高的120%-130%;②在起跳的最后阶段,运动员越过横杆高度越高,运动员会在触地瞬间有更小的后倾角,从而在起跳时间相对稳定的情况下,增加后倾角的变化幅度,增加身体躯干的摆动速度,得到更加有效的过杆质量;③为了能够保持膝关节变化幅度的稳定性,跳高运动员在助跑过程中总是保持着高重心,使自己的身体在保持高重心的同时还能发挥髋、膝、踝三关节的弹簧动能作用。In this study,the researcher examined the take-off technique characteristics of elite female high jump athletes based on the literature review method,two-dimensional video analysis,mathematical statistics,and comparative analysis.The analysis focused on the take-off phase of athletes in the womens high jump final at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.The research findings are as follows:1)The average maximum clearance height of athletes in the womens high jump final at the Tokyo Olympics was 122.59±3.41%,with the maximum clearance height approximately 120%-130%of their own height.2)In the final stage of the take-off,athletes with higher bar clearances exhibited smaller backward lean angles at the moment of ground contact.This allowed for a greater variation in the backward lean angle,increased swinging speed of the bodys torso,and improved clearance quality while maintaining a relatively stable take-off time.3)To maintain stability in knee joint variation,high jump athletes consistently maintained a high center of gravity during the approach run,enabling the utilization of the spring energy of the hip,knee,and ankle joints.

关 键 词：跳高 技术分析 起跳阶段 起跳技术分析 

分 类 号：G823.1[文化科学—体育训练]