基于蛋白核小球藻富集-X射线荧光光谱的水体重金属铅快速检测研究  

Rapid Detection of Heavy Metal Lead in Water Based on Enrichment by Chlorella Pyrenoidosa Combined With X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy

作　　者：程方贝贝 甘婷婷 赵南京[1,4] 殷高方 汪颖 范梦西 CHENG Fang-beibei;GAN Ting-ting;ZHAO Nan-jing;YIN Gao-fang;WANG Ying;FAN Meng-xi(Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology,Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;School of Biological Food and Environment,Hefei University,Hefei 230601,China;Science Island Branch of Graduate School,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Institute of Material Science and Information Technology,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,安徽光学精密机械研究所中国科学院环境光学与技术重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [2]合肥学院生物食品与环境学院,安徽合肥230601 [3]中国科学技术大学研究生院科学岛分院,安徽合肥230026 [4]安徽大学物质科学与信息技术研究院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2023年第8期2500-2506,共7页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61805254,61875207);安徽省科技重大专项项目(202003a07020007);中国科学院仪器设备功能开发技术创新项目(Y93H3g1251)资助。

摘　　要：水体重金属铅(Pb)污染对人类健康及水生态环境具有重要影响。为实现水体重金属Pb的现场快速检测,以蛋白核小球藻为吸附剂,开展了基于蛋白核小球藻富集-X射线荧光(XRF)光谱的水体重金属Pb快速检测研究。结果表明:蛋白核小球藻与重金属Pb反应液的pH值为7且反应温度为25℃时,蛋白核小球藻对重金属Pb具有快速高效吸附特性,在反应时间为5 min时对0.0128~0.3535 mg·L^(-1)这一较宽浓度范围内重金属Pb的吸附效率高达92%以上,但对类金属As的吸附效率却低于5%,因此基于蛋白核小球藻的富集作用可以有效避免重金属Pb与类金属As共存时As的Kα最优特征谱峰对XRF光谱测量过程中Pb的Lα最优特征谱峰的干扰与影响;在蛋白核小球藻对重金属Pb的最佳吸附反应条件下,当反应液样品富集量为10 mL时,建立了基于蛋白核小球藻富集-XRF光谱的水体重金属Pb定量检测方法,水体重金属Pb浓度与XRF光谱中Pb的Lα特征谱峰净积分荧光强度间具有良好的线性关系,相关系数r为0.990,检测限为7.2μg·L^(-1),低于我国《地表水环境质量标准(GB 3838—2002)》中Ⅰ类水质标准中重金属Pb的标准限值;采用该方法对合肥市市内派河、匡河、南淝河、四里河及十五里河实际水体水样中重金属Pb进行检测,回收率均在87.84%~115.66%范围内,表明所建立的藻富集与XRF光谱法相结合的水体重金属Pb快速检测方法能够很好地应用于实际水体中重金属Pb的快速分析与检测。该研究为发展水体重金属现场快速监测技术与仪器奠定了方法基础。The heavy metal lead(Pb)pollution in water impacts human health and the water ecological environment.In order to realize the on-site and rapid detection of heavy metal Pb in water,in this paper,Chlorella pyrenoidosa was used as the adsorbent,and the rapid detection of heavy metal Pb in water based on enrichment by Chlorella pyrenoidosa combined with X-ray fluorescence(XRF)spectroscopy was carried out.The results show that when the pH value of the reaction solution of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and heavy metal Pb was 7.The reaction temperature was 25℃,Chlorella pyrenoidosa had the fast and high-efficient adsorption characteristics to heavy metal Pb,when the reaction time was 5 min,the adsorption efficiency of heavymetal Pb in the wide concentration range of 0.0128~0.3535 mg·L^(-1) was as high as 92%,but the adsorption efficiency of metalloid As was lower than 5%.Therefore,the enrichment based on Chlorella pyrenoidosa could effectively avoid the interference and influence of the optimal Kαcharacteristic peak of As on the optimal Lαcharacteristic peak of Pb in the XRF measurement process when the heavy metal Pb and metalloid As coexist;Under the optimal adsorption reaction conditions of Chlorella pyrenoidosa for heavy metal Pb,when the enrichment volume of the reaction solution was 10 mL,a quantitative detection method of heavy metal Pb in water based on the combination of Chlorella pyrenoidosa enrichment and XRF spectroscopy was established.There was a good linear relationship between the concentration of heavy metal Pb in water and the net integrated fluorescence intensity of the Lαcharacteristic peak of Pb in the XRF spectrum with a correlation coefficient r of 0.990.The detection limit of the method was 7.2μg·L^(-1),which was lower than the standard limit of heavy metal Pb in the ClassⅠwater quality standard in“Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water(GB 3838—2002)”of China.This method was adopted to detect the heavy metal Pb in the actual water samples of Paihe,Kuanghe,Nanfeihe,Silihe and Shi

关 键 词：X射线荧光 重金属 铅 快速检测 藻富集 

分 类 号：O657.34[理学—分析化学]