DDTs沿扎龙湿地典型食物网的传递与富集规律  

Transfer and Enrichment of Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethanes(DDTs)Along the Typical Food Web at Zhalong Wetland in China

作　　者：罗金明[1] 高忠燕 李洪影[1] LUO Jinming;GAO Zhongyan;LI Hongying(Department of Science,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar,161006,China;Heilongjiang Province Zhalong National Natural Reserve,Qiqihar,161002,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学理学院,齐齐哈尔161006 [2]黑龙江省扎龙国家级自然保护区管理局,齐齐哈尔161002

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第3期615-622,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2020C109);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(145209134)。

摘　　要：使用逸度模型模拟有机氯农药DDTs沿扎龙湿地典型食物网的传递和富集特征,评估环境中残留的DDTs对丹顶鹤(Grus japonensis)等大型水禽带来的潜在生态风险水平。结果表明:扎龙湿地生物的逸度比值与物种的营养位呈显著正相关(p=0.001),大型水禽与其食物之间的逸度比值较高,绿头鸭(Anas platyrhynchos)的逸度比值达到6.33,丹顶鹤及东方白鹳(Ciconia boyciana)的逸度比值分别高达13.17和14.55。食物摄入是丹顶鹤等大型水禽体内DDTs水平发生显著富集的重要途径,丹顶鹤和东方白鹳的排泄、新陈代谢及生物体的生长稀释是降低体内DDTs水平的主要途径,且排泄通量大于其他2种消减通量。逸度模型揭示了DDTs沿扎龙湿地典型食物网的迁移和归趋特征。随着湿地环境中残留的DDTs水平显著降低,丹顶鹤体内富集的DDTs水平(34.50 ng/g)也显著低于风险阈值(3100 ng/g),当前残留浓度不足以对丹顶鹤的生态健康带来显著影响。The fugacity model was employed to simulate the transfer and fate of the organochlorine pesticide dichloro di⁃phenyl trichloroethanes(DDTs)along the typical food web at Zhalong Wetland in China,and thereby to quantify the poten⁃tial ecological risk posed by DDTs from environment on the migratory red-crowned crane(Grus japonensis)and other spe⁃cies.Results show that fugacity ratios were significantly correlated with trophic level of each species at Zhalong Wetland(p=0.001),and generally the fugacity ratios of the large waterfowls were relatively high,i.e.,6.33 for the mallard,13.17 and 14.55 for the red-crowned crane and Oriental stork(Ciconia boyciana),respectively.DDTs were enriched in red-crowned crane and other species through food intake.The egestion,metabolism,and growth dilution were main paths to reduce DDTs for red-crowned crane and Oriental stork,and the flux of egestion exceeded than other two paths.The fugacity model achieved satisfying performance in predicting the transfer and fate of DDTs in the inland aquatic system.With the reduced total amount of DDTs residue in the wetland,DDTs residue level(34.50 ng/g)in the red-crowned crane was significant lower than the threshold level(3,100 ng/g)on the large fowls,so that the ecological risk on the red-crowned crane posed by DDTs residue at Zhalong Wetland was relatively low in the present.

关 键 词：捕食-食物关系 有机氯农药 逸度模型 珍稀水禽 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]