野生动物笼舍环境中大肠埃希氏菌对抗生素和消毒剂的抗性分析  

Analysis of Escherichia coli Resistance to Antibiotics and Disinfectants in Wild Animal Cages

作　　者：刘青 郭玲 仉伟 赵国策 朱云芸 尹占龙 谢绪昌 LIU Qing;GUO Ling;ZHANG Wei;ZHAO Guoce;ZHU Yunyun;YIN Zhanlong;XIE Xuchang(Jinan Park Development Service Center(Zoo Department),Jinan,250031,China;Beijing Zoo,Beijing,100044,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市公园发展服务中心(动物园工作部),济南250031 [2]北京动物园管理处,北京100044

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第3期688-694,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：北京动物园圈养野生动物技术北京市重点实验室开放课题(ZDK202203)。

摘　　要：为评价圈养野生动物笼舍环境中细菌对抗生素和消毒剂的抗性,从大象馆、猛兽馆、鸣禽馆和猿猴馆舍中分离40株大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)作为指示菌,检测分离菌株对7种抗生素的敏感性和4种消毒剂的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),并对携带的抗性基因进行筛选。结果显示:分离株对复方新诺明和氨苄西林的耐药率较高,分别为50.0%和40.0%,其次为头孢噻肟7.5%,诺氟沙星和庆大霉素耐药率均为5.0%,对美罗培南敏感,主要耐药谱型为氨苄西林加复方新诺明。分离菌株对过氧乙酸消毒剂较敏感,MIC值≤1∶1600,低于推荐使用浓度。鸣禽馆菌株对消毒剂的敏感性高于其他馆舍。抗性基因共检测到mdf A、tet(A)、qnr S、dfr A、blaTEM、sug E、emr E、qac E和qac H等29种。研究结果可为探索野生动物耐药性的产生提供思考方向,为消毒剂的合理使用提供参考,对改善笼舍环境卫生、保障动物健康等具有重要意义。In order to evaluate the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and disinfectants in captive wild animals,40 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated from beast,elephant,ape and bird cages,the sensitivity of the isolated strains to seven kinds of antibiotics and the minimum inhibitory concentration of four kinds of disinfectants were tested,and the resistance genes carried were screened.The results showed that the isolates had high resistance rates to compound sulfamethoxa⁃zole and ampicillin of 50.0%and 40.0%,respectively,followed by cefotaxime of 7.5%,norfloxacin and gentamicin of 5.0%,and were sensitive to meropenem.The sensitivity of strains in bird cages of disinfectants is highter than that of oth⁃ers.A total of 29 kinds of resistance genes were detected,including mdfA,tet(A),qnrS,dfrA,blaTEM,sugE,emrE,qacE,and qacH,which were mostly distributed in the beast and elephant cages.This study provides a direction for explor⁃ing the development of drug resistance of wild animals and a reference for the rational use of disinfectants,and is of great significance for improving the environmental health of cages and protecting animal health.

关 键 词：野生动物 笼舍环境 大肠埃希氏菌 抗性基因 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]