梵净山黔金丝猴研究现状与保护策略  

Current Knowledge and Conservation Strategies of the Guizhou Snub-nosed Monkey in Fanjingshan,China

作　　者：杨天友 崔多英[3] 牛克锋[4] YANG Tianyou;CUI Duoying;NIU Kefeng(College of Agroforestry Engineering and Planning,Tongren University,Tongren,554300,China;Primate Conservation Research Institute,Tongren University,Tongren,554300,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Captive Wildlife Technologies,Beijing Zoo,Beijing,100044,China;Moutai Institute,Renhuai,564507,China)

机构地区：[1]铜仁学院农林工程与规划学院,铜仁554300 [2]铜仁学院非人灵长类保护研究中心,铜仁554300 [3]北京动物园圈养野生动物技术北京市重点实验室,北京100044 [4]茅台学院,仁怀564507

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第3期695-704,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：贵州省普通高等学校青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2019]170);北京动物园圈养野生动物技术北京市重点实验室开放课题(ZDK202205);铜仁学院学科建设与研究生教育专项项目(trxkm[2018]12号)。

摘　　要：黔金丝猴(Rhinopithecus brelichi)是全世界最濒危的灵长类之一,国家一级重点保护野生动物,仅分布于中国贵州东北部的梵净山国家级自然保护区。2022年1月,国务院出台《关于支持贵州在新时代西部大开发上闯新路的意见》,明确提出须对这一物种实施拯救保护工程。自20世纪80年代国内外学者对黔金丝猴开展保护研究以来,已获得了一些生态学与保护生物学知识,但研究内容分散且缺乏系统性梳理总结,不利于指导今后黔金丝猴的保护管理。本文从种群数量、栖息地、行为生态与社会生物学(觅食行为与食性、家域、繁殖生态、社群结构及夜宿行为等)、分子生态学与肠道微生物及保护生物学等方面,对黔金丝猴的研究成果进行了综述,并对研究中存在的问题、未来研究的重点方向与保护策略进行了探讨。建议未来积极开展跨学科研究和跨部门保护合作,以梵净山国家公园申报和建设为契机,持续提高黔金丝猴科学研究和保护管理水平。The Guizhou snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus brelichi)is one of the most endangered primate species in the world.It is also listed as a category I species under Chinese Wild Animal Protection Law.This species is only found in the Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve in the northeast of Guizhou,China.In January 2022,China's State Council is⁃sued a circular,aimed at supporting Guizhou Province in breaking a new path to large-scale development of western China in the new era,which clearly stated that conservation projects must be implemented for this species.Following several ini⁃tial research studies in the 1960s,scholars began a more focused effort to study the Guizhou snub-nosed monkey in the 1980s,broadly examining various topics in the disciplines of ecology and conservation biology.However,our knowledge of this species is still limited by several barriers.For example,the existing research is scattered across various publications lacking the synthesis necessary to guide the formulation of conservation strategies for this species.In an effort towards a more cohesive foundation for future conservation management planning,we provide a review and synthesis of previous re⁃search on population size,habitat use,behavioral ecology and social behavior,molecular ecology and gut microbes,conser⁃vation biology of the Guizhou snub-nosed monkey.Then,we discuss future research directions and conservation strategies for this species.We recommend that researchers and conservationists actively pursue interdisciplinary research and interdepartmental conservation projects that bring together social science perspectives with conservation and development to guide the establishment of Fanjingshan as a national park and to improve conservation outcomes for this species.

关 键 词：黔金丝猴 种群数量 行为 保护社会科学 政策 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]