Technologies for pollutant removal and resource recovery from blackwater:a review  

作　　者：Wei Zhang Huaqiang Chu Libin Yang Xiaogang You Zhenjiang Yu Yalei Zhang Xuefei Zhou 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China

出　　处：《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023年第7期57-77,共21页环境科学与工程前沿（英文）

基　　金：the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFD1100500);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20322 and 51922078).

摘　　要：Blackwater(BW),consisting of feces,urine,flushing water and toilet paper,makes up an important portion of domestic wastewater.The improper disposal of BW may lead to environmental pollution and disease transmission,threatening the sustainabie development of the world.Rich in nutrients and organic matter,BW could be treated for resource recovery and reuse through various approaches.Aimed at providing guidance for the future development of BW treatment and resource recovery,this paper presented a literature review of BWs produced in different countries and types of toilets,including their physiochemical characteristics,and current treatment and resource recovery strategies.The degradation and utilization of carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)within BW are underlined.The performance of different systems was classified and summarized.Among all the treating systems,biological and ecological systems have been long and widely applied for BW treatment,showing their universality and operability in nutrients and energy recovery,but they are either slow or ineffective in removal of some refractory pollutants.Novel processes,especially advanced oxidation processes(AOPs),are becoming increasingly extensively studied in BW treatment because of their high efficiency,especially for the removal of micropollutants and pathogens.This review could serve as an instructive guidance for the design and optimization of BW treatment technologies,aiming to help in the fulfilment of sustainable human excreta management.

关 键 词：Blackwater Water-flushing toilet SANITATION Nutrientrecovery Waterreuse Sustainable development 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]