不同基因型甘薯块根自然富集元素能力的差异性  

Differences in Natural Enrichment Abilities of Elements in Root Tubers of Different Genotypes of Sweet Potato(Ipomoea batatas Lam.)

作　　者：陈涵 胡慧云 程建峰[1] 黄英金[1] 毛晓嵘 徐小明 曾研华[1] CHEN Han;HU Huiyun;CHENG Jianfeng;HUANG Yingjin;MAO Xiaorong;XU Xiaoming;ZENG Yanhua(College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiangxi Xing’an Seed Industry Co.,Ltd.,Hengfeng 334300,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西兴安种业有限公司,江西横峰334300

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2023年第7期24-39,共16页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省富硒农业研究院委托重点项目(JXFX21-ZD05,JXFX22-ZD02);江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JXARS-19)。

摘　　要：分析了16个不同用途甘薯基因型块根中的铁、锌、硒、镁、镉、铬、铅、汞和砷元素含量,并利用模糊隶属函数法、熵权优劣解距离法和模糊综合评判法对不同基因型甘薯块根的自然富集元素能力进行综合评价,从而阐明不同基因型甘薯块根自然富集元素能力的差异,明确高富集有益元素和低富集有害元素的甘薯基因型,为高产优质营养安全甘薯品种的遗传改良和生产种植提供理论依据及实践指导。结果表明,不同基因型甘薯的块根产量存在巨大差异,鲜食型和淀粉型甘薯基因型间均存在显著或极显著差异,且淀粉型甘薯基因型间的产量差异大于鲜食型甘薯。无论是相同基因型甘薯块根中的不同有益和有害元素含量及累积量间还是不同基因型甘薯块根中的相同有益和有害元素含量及累积量间均存在显著或极显著差异。有益元素中,以镁含量及累积量最高,其次为铁,锌和硒较低;基因型间硒含量及累积量的差异最大,铁次之,锌和镁较小。有害元素中,以铬含量及累积量最高且基因型间差异最大,镉和砷次之。甘薯用途类型与元素含量及积累量存在一定的关系,鲜食型甘薯中的镁和镉含量及累积量普遍比淀粉型高,铁、硒和砷含量及累积量普遍比淀粉型低,而锌和铬含量及累积量基本无差异。不同基因型甘薯块根自然富集元素能力(含量及累积量)存在明显差异,与评价指标及其权重有关。综合分析显示,不同甘薯块根富集元素能力可分为高、中和低3类,高富集能力的2个基因型依次是赣薯203和赣K06,中富集能力的4个基因型依次是普薯32、赣薯3号、济薯25、湛薯16,其他10个基因型为低富集能力基因型。The contents of iron,zinc,selenium,magnesium,cadmium,chromium,lead,mercury and arsenic of root tubers in 16 different use types of sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas Lam.)were analyzed,and the natural enrichment ability of element in root tubers of different genotypes of sweet potato was comprehensively evaluated by fuzzy membership function method,EW-TOPSIS(entropy weight technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,so as to clarify the difference of natural enrichment ability of element in root tuber of different genotypes of sweet potato,and define the sweet potato genotypes with high enrichment of beneficial elements and low enrichment of harmful elements,which would provide the theoretical basis and practical guidance for genetic improvement and planting of high-yield,high-quality,nutritional and safe sweet potato varieties.The results showed that there were great differences in yield of fresh root tubers among different sweet potato genotypes,and there were significant or extremely significant differences among fresh-eating or starch types,and the difference in yield of fresh root tubers among starch type was greater than that among fresh-eating type.There were significant or extremely significant differences in the content and accumulation of different beneficial and hazardous elements in the same fresh sweet potato genotypes or the same beneficial and hazardous elements in the different fresh sweet potato genotypes.Among the beneficial elements,the content and accumulation of magnesium were the highest,followed by iron,and selenium and zinc were lower;but the difference of selenium content and accumulation among genotypes was the largest,followed by iron,and zinc and magnesium were smaller.Among the hazardous elements,chromium content and accumulation were the highest,and the difference among genotypes was the largest,followed by cadmium and arsenic.There was a certain relationship between the use types of sweet potato and the content and accumulation

关 键 词：甘薯 富集 元素 基因型差异 综合评价 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]