叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)对朝天椒产量、品质与Cd吸收累积的影响  

Effects of Foliar Spraying of Na_2SiO_(3) on the Yield,Quality and Cd Uptake of Pod Pepper

作　　者：柴冠群 隋岩峰 杨帆 秦松[1] 范成五[1] CHAI Guanqun;SUI Yanfeng;YANG Fan;QIN Song;FAN Chengwu(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization for Low Grade Phosphate Rock and Its Associated Resources,Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]中低品位磷矿及其共伴生资源高效利用国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2023年第7期109-116,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中低品位磷矿及其共伴生资源高效利用国家重点实验室开放课题(WFKF2020-07);贵州省土壤肥料研究所技术储备项目(黔土肥技术[2022]13号)。

摘　　要：以青红元帅朝天椒为试材,采用水培试验,探究0.3 mg/L镉(Cd)胁迫条件下,叶面喷施0、3、5 mmol/L(以CK、Si_(3)、Si_(5)表示)Na_(2)SiO_(3)溶液对朝天椒产量、品质与吸收转运Cd能力的影响,以期为叶面阻控剂开发提供科学依据。结果表明,青红元帅朝天椒各部位生物量随叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)浓度的增加呈增加趋势,与CK相比,Si_(5)处理各部位生物量均显著增加,果实鲜质量与干质量增幅分别为16.29%、15.26%,整株干质量增幅为21.35%。朝天椒果实的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、氨基酸、维生素C(Vc)与辣椒碱含量均随叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)浓度的增加呈增加趋势,Si_(5)处理能够显著改善朝天椒品质。各处理不同部位Cd含量大小顺序均表现为主茎上叶>根>叉茎上叶>果实>主茎>叉茎。与CK相比,叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)溶液降低了朝天椒各部位Cd含量,Si_(3)与Si_(5)处理朝天椒果实Cd含量分别降低11.30%、28.69%。各处理朝天椒整株Cd累积量差异不显著,随叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)浓度的增加,果实Cd累积量显著降低,茎叶与根Cd累积量显著增加,与CK相比,Si_(5)处理果实Cd累积量降低19.43%。与CK相比,叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)溶液显著降低根、叉茎、主茎、主茎上叶、茎叶向果实转运Cd的效率(TF_(果实/根)、TF_(果实/叉茎)、TF_(果实/主茎)、TF_(果实/主茎上叶)、TF_(果实/茎叶))。表明叶面喷施Na_(2)SiO_(3)溶液提升了青红元帅朝天椒茎叶与根对Cd的累积能力,限制其向果实转运Cd。The effects of foliar spraying of 0,3,5 mmol/L(CK,Si_(3),Si_(5))Na2SiO3 solution on the yield,quality and Cd absorption and transport capacity of Capsicum annuum L.under 0.3 mg/L Cd stress were investigated by hydroponic experiment,in order to provide scientific basis for the development of foliar inhibitors.The results showed that with the increase of the dosage of Na_(2)SiO_(3),the biomass of all parts of pod pepper cultivar‘Qing Hong Yuan Shuai’increased. Compared with CK,Si5treatment significantly increased the biomass of all parts,the fresh and dry weight of fruits increased by 16.29% and 15.26%,respectively,and the dry weight of whole plant increased by 21.35%.With the increase of the dosage of Na_(2)SiO_(3),the contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein,amino acid,vitamin C(Vc)and capsaicin showed increasing trend,and Si5 treatment significantly improved the quality.The order of Cd content in different parts of each treatment was as follows:leaves on main stems>roots>leaves on fork stems>fruits>main stems>fork stems. Compared with CK,foliar spraying of Na_(2)SiO_(3) solution promoted the decrease of Cd content in all parts of pepper,and the decrease extents of Cd content in fruits with Si_(3) and Si_(5) were 11.30%,28.69%,respectively.The difference of Cd accumulation in the whole plant of each treatment was not significant. With the increase of Na_(2)SiO_(3) concentration,the Cd accumulation in fruits decreased significantly,and the Cd accumulation in stems,leaves and roots increased significantly.Compared with CK,the Cd accumulation in fruits of Si_(5) treatment decreased by 19.43%. Compared with CK,foliar application of Na_(2)SiO_(3) solution significantly reduced the transfer efficiency of Cd from roots,fork stems,main stems and leaves of main stems,stem and leaf to fruits(TFfruit/root,TFfruit/fork stem,TFfruit/main stem,TFfruit/leaf of main stem,TFfruit/stem and leaf).Spraying Na_(2)SiO_(3) solution on the leaves increased the accumulation ability of Cd in the stems,leaves and roots of pod pepper c

关 键 词：朝天椒 硅 镉 叶面喷施 Na_(2)SiO_(3) 累积分配 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]