单级式光伏发电有功备用虚拟同步发电机频率支撑策略  

Virtual Synchronous Generator of Single-stage Photovoltaic Power Generation System with Active Power Reserve for Frequency Support

作　　者：贾德香 钟诚[2] 柳占杰 郑厚清 郭阳 JIA Dexiang;ZHONG Cheng;LIU Zhanjie;ZHENG Houqing;GUO Yang(State Grid Energy Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102209,China;College of Electrical Engineering,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin 132012,Jilin,China;Beijing China-power Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]国网能源研究院有限公司,北京102209 [2]东北电力大学电气工程学院,吉林吉林132012 [3]北京中电普华信息技术有限公司,北京100192

出　　处：《电气传动》2023年第8期29-36,共8页Electric Drive

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金(U1866601);吉林省自然科学基金(20190201289JC)。

摘　　要：光伏发电系统通常工作在最大功率跟踪模式,无法为电网提供惯性和频率支撑。虚拟同步发电机(VSG)控制可提供类似同步发电机的行为特性,但通常应用于储能或光储系统。以单级式光伏拓扑为对象,提出一种有功备用的光伏VSG控制策略。该策略源于光伏阵列P—V特性曲线和同步发电机功角特性曲线的相似性,光伏阵列电压直接响应电网频率变化,实现对直流电压控制的同时,提供类似同步发电机“自发”惯性响应。设计了一种基于短路电流估算的光伏最大功率估算方法。该方法无需额外传感器和复杂估计算法,与所提VSG控制策略融合,实现递推估算。不同场景下仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性。Photovoltaic(PV)generation usually operates in maximum power point tracking(MPPT)mode,which cannot provide inertia and frequency support for the power system.Virtual synchronous generator(VSG)control is an attractive control method that can provide the similar behavior of synchronous generator(SG).However,it is commonly applied to the energy storage system or PV generators with energy storage systems.A novel PV-VSG control strategy based on active power reserve for single-stage PV generation was proposed.The principle of the strategy comes from the similarities of the power-angle characteristic curve and the PV array P—V characteristic curve.PV array voltage is directly regulated based on the grid frequency,and realize control of DC voltage while providing "spontaneous" inertial response similar to synchronous generators.In addition,a maximum power estimation method based on real-time short-circuit current estimation was designed,and the additional sensors and complex estimation algorithms are not required.Integrated with VSG control strategy,the recursive estimation was implemented.The simulation results in different scenarios have verified the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

关 键 词：虚拟同步发电机 有功备用 惯性响应 频率支撑 最大功率点估算 

分 类 号：TM712[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]