海洋水合物高分辨率采集激发及接收因素影响分析  

Impact analysis of excitation and receiving factors about high-resolution acquisition of marine hydrate

作　　者：陈浩 肖云飞 薛维忠 黄鹏 王昀 CHEN Hao;XIAO YunFei;XUE WeiZhong;HUANG Peng;WANG Yun(Sinopec Geophysical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211103,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油物探技术研究院有限公司,南京211103

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2023年第3期1328-1340,共13页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(U19B6003-04);中国石化科技部项目(P21005)联合资助。

摘　　要：海洋天然气水合物储层预测及内部结构精细刻画,需要高品质(高信噪比、高分辨率)地震数据作为基础,而气枪激发及电缆接收因素对资料品质影响较大.本文基于工区速度模型和修正Q模型,开展气枪震源加载的黏弹介质数值模拟,通过模拟结果定量论证分析不同气枪容量、不同震源沉放深度、不同电缆沉放深度等条件下的水合物储层反射信号的频率、能量及信噪比特征,再结合具体地质任务要求,确定不同气枪容量的激发和接收最佳匹配沉放深度.通过南海某海域应用认为0.019 m^(3)容量气枪震源沉放5 m、电缆沉放6 m以及0.033 m^(3)容量气枪震源沉放深度5 m、电缆沉放10 m比较合适,能够满足天然气水合物储层高分辨率勘探需求,同时也为野外气枪震源激发及电缆沉放深度参数优化设计提供理论依据.Prediction and detailed characterization of Marine gas hydrate reservoir,High quality(high signal-to-noise ratio,high resolution)seismic data is needed as the basis,the factors of air gun excitation and cable reception have great influence on data quality.This paper is based on the velocity model and modified Q model,carry out numerical simulation of viscoelastic medium which is loaded by air gun source,the frequency,energy and Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)characteristics of the reflected signals in hydrate reservoir under different air gun capacities,different source sinking depths and different cable sinking depths were analyzed by the quantitative demonstration of simulation results,combined with the requirements of specific geological tasks,the best matching depth of the excitation and reception of different air gun capacities was determined.According to the application in a certain sea area in the south China sea,it is considered that 0.019 m^(3)capacity air gun source sinking depth 5 m,cable sinking depth 6 m,as well as 0.033 m^(3)capacity air gun source sinking depth 5 m,cable sinking depth 10 m is more appropriate,It can satisfy the high resolution exploration demand of gas hydrate reservoir,At the same time,it also provides theoretical basis for the optimization design of field air gun source excitation and cable sinking depth parameter.

关 键 词：天然气水合物储层 气枪震源 高分辨率采集 黏弹介质数值模拟 不同气枪容量 沉放深度 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P738[天文地球—地质学]