超声磨削系统中大负载变幅器的设计及优化  

Design and Optimization of Large Load Amplitude Transformer in Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Grinding System

作　　者：邹逢易 杨绿[1] 吴怀超[1] 童国顺 Zou Fengyi;Yang Lv;Wu Huaichao;Tong Guoshun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学机械工程学院,贵阳市550025

出　　处：《工具技术》2023年第7期72-77,共6页Tool Engineering

基　　金：贵州省科技重大专项(黔科合重大专项字[2019]3016号)。

摘　　要：超声磨削技术可以实现对硬脆材料的高效、高质量加工,为了对超声磨削系统中大负载变幅器进行合理设计,将金属黏结剂砂轮简化为一段等截面变幅杆,设计了一种新型的1/4波长变幅器。基于细长杆的一维纵振理论和波动方程推导出变幅器的频率方程,分析了变幅器尺寸对谐振频率的影响规律,利用MATLAB软件求解出变幅器各段的几何尺寸,在此基础上借助ANSYS Workbench软件对变幅器进行有限元分析与优化。仿真结果表明:变幅器的谐振频率与设计频率之间的误差为2.87%;对增加法兰后的变幅器进行优化设计,优化后谐振频率的误差由7.7%降低到了0.045%。变幅器测试实验结果表明:其谐振频率为20007Hz,与设计频率误差为0.035%,砂轮端面振幅为9μm,满足超声磨削要求。Ultrasonic grinding technology can realize the high-efficiency and high-quality processing of hard and brittle materials.In order to reasonably design the large load amplitude transformer in the ultrasonic grinding system, the metal adhesive grinding wheel is simplified into a section of constant cross-section amplitude transformer, and a new 1/4 wavelength amplitude transformer for ultrasonic grinding is designed.Based on the one-dimensional longitudinal vibration theory and wave equation of the slender rod, the frequency equation of the horn is derived, the influence of the size of the horn on the resonant frequency is analyzed, and the geometric size of each section of the horn is solved by MATLAB.On this basis, the horn is analyzed and optimized by means of ANSYS Workbench.The simulation results show that the error between the resonant frequency and the design frequency of the horn is 2.87%,the error of resonant frequency is reduced from 7.7% to 0.045% by optimizing the design of the horn with flange.The results show that the resonant frequency is 20007Hz, the error with the design frequency is 0.035%,and the amplitude of the grinding wheel end face is 9μm.It meets the needs of ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding.

关 键 词：变幅杆 有限元分析 优化设计 超声磨削 

分 类 号：TG580.6[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]